TAP和2-边连通性的快速分布式逼近
Fast Distributed Approximation for TAP and 2-Edge-Connectivity
摘要:
树扩充问题(TAP)是一个基本的网络设计问题,其输入是一个图$G$及其生成树$T$,目标是用$G$的最小边集$Aug$扩充$T$,使得$T \cup Aug$是2-边连通的. TAP已在序贯设置中被广泛研究。加权情况下最著名的近似比2可以追溯到Frederickson和JáJá的工作,SICOMP 1981。最近,Kortsarz和Nutov在TALG 2016中给出了未加权TAP的3/2近似值。最近的突破给出了未加权TAP的近似值1.458 [Grandoni等人,STOC 2018],以及有界权重的近似值优于2 [Adjiashvili,SODA 2017; Fiorini等人,SODA 2018]。在本文中,我们提供了第一个快速分布近似TAP。我们提出了一个分布式的$2$近似加权TAP完成$O(h)$轮,其中$h$是高度的$T$。当$h$是大的,我们展示了一个更快的4-近似算法的未加权的情况下,完成在$O(D+\sqrt{n}\log^*{n})$轮,其中$n$是顶点数和$D$是直径的$G$。我们的结果的直接后果是一个$O(D)$ -轮2-近似算法的最小尺寸的2-边连通生成子图,这显着提高了以前的近似算法的运行时间,和$O(h_{MST}+\sqrt{n}\log^{*}{n})$ -轮3-近似算法的加权情况下,其中$h_{MST}$是高度的MST的图。其他的应用是验证2-边连通性的算法,以及将任何连通生成子图的连通性扩充为2的算法。最后,我们补充我们的研究证明了分布近似TAP的下界。
英文摘要:
The tree augmentation problem (TAP) is a fundamental network design problem, in which the input is a graph $G$ and a spanning tree $T$ for it, and the goal is to augment $T$ with a minimum set of edges $Aug$ from $G$, such that $T \cup Aug$ is 2-edge-connected. TAP has been widely studied in the sequential setting. The best known approximation ratio of 2 for the weighted case dates back to the work of Frederickson and JáJá, SICOMP 1981. Recently, a 3/2-approximation was given for unweighted TAP by Kortsarz and Nutov, TALG 2016. Recent breakthroughs give an approximation of 1.458 for unweighted TAP [Grandoni et al., STOC 2018], and approximations better than 2 for bounded weights [Adjiashvili, SODA 2017; Fiorini et al., SODA 2018]. In this paper, we provide the first fast distributed approximations for TAP. We present a distributed $2$-approximation for weighted TAP which completes in $O(h)$ rounds, where $h$ is the height of $T$. When $h$ is large, we show a much faster 4-approximation algorithm for the unweighted case, completing in $O(D+\sqrt{n}\log^*{n})$ rounds, where $n$ is the number of vertices and $D$ is the diameter of $G$. Immediate consequences of our results are an $O(D)$-round 2-approximation algorithm for the minimum size 2-edge-connected spanning subgraph, which significantly improves upon the running time of previous approximation algorithms, and an $O(h_{MST}+\sqrt{n}\log^{*}{n})$-round 3-approximation algorithm for the weighted case, where $h_{MST}$ is the height of the MST of the graph. Additional applications are algorithms for verifying 2-edge-connectivity and for augmenting the connectivity of any connected spanning subgraph to 2. Finally, we complement our study with proving lower bounds for distributed approximations of TAP.
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