We report the physical properties of orthorhombic o-CuMnAs single crystal, which is predicted to be a topological Dirac semimetal with magnetic ground state and inversion symmetry broken. o-CuMnAs exhibits an antiferromagnetic transition with TN ~ 312 K. Further characterizations of magnetic properties suggest that the AFM order may be canted with the spin orientation in the bc plane. Small isotropic MR and linearly field-dependent Hall resistivity with positive slope indicate that single hole-type carries with high density and low mobility dominate the transport properties of o-CuMnAs. Furthermore, the result of low-temperature heat capacity shows that the effective mass of carriers is much larger than those in typical topological semimetals. These results imply that the carriers in o-CuMnAs exhibit remarkably different features from those of Dirac fermions predicted in theory.
Recently, orthorhombic CuMnAs has been proposed to be a magnetic material where topological fermions exist around the Fermi level. Here we report the magnetic structure of the orthorhombic Cu0.95MnAs and Cu0.98Mn0.96As single crystals. While Cu0.95MnAs is a commensurate antiferromagnet (C-AFM) below 360 K with a propagation vector of k = 0, Cu0.98Mn0.96As undergoes a second-order paramagnetic to incommensurate antiferromagnetic (IC-AFM) phase transition at 320 K with k = (0.1,0,0), followed by a second-order IC-AFM to C-AFM phase transition at 230 K. In the C-AFM state, the Mn spins order para…
Orthorhombic CuMnAs has been proposed as an antiferromagnetic semimetal hosting nodal line and Dirac points around the Fermi level. We investigate relations between the topological bands and transport phenomena, i.e. spin Hall effect and anomalous Hall effect, in orthorhombic CuMnAs with first-principles calculations combined with symmetry analysis of magnetic structures and of (spin) Berry curvature. We show the nodal line gapped with spin-orbit coupling in CuMnAs dominantly generates large spin Hall conductivity in the ground state. Although the magnetic symmetry in the ground state of CuMnA…
CuMnAs with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy is proposed as an active material for antiferromagnetic memory. Information can be stored in the antiferromagnetic domain state, while writing and readout can rely on the existence of the surface magnetization. It is predicted, based on first-principles calculations, that easy-axis anisotropy can be achieved in bulk CuMnAs by substituting a few percent of As atoms by Ge, Si, Al, or B. This effect is attributed to the changing occupation of certain electronic bands near the Fermi level induced by the hole doping. The calculated temperature dependenc…
Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of antiferromagnets as the active component in spintronic devices. This is in contrast to their current passive role as pinning layers in hard disk read heads and magnetic memories. Here we report the epitaxial growth of a new high-temperature antiferromagnetic material, tetragonal CuMnAs, which exhibits excellent crystal quality, chemical order and compatibility with existing semiconductor technologies. We demonstrate its growth on the III-V semiconductors GaAs and GaP, and show that the structure is also lattice matched to Si. Neutron diffractio…
Antiferromagnets (AFs) attract much attention due to potential applications in spintronics. Both the electric current and the electric field are considered as tools suitable to control properties and the Néel vector direction of AFs. Among AFs, CuMnAs has been shown to exhibit specific properties that result in the existence of the current-induced spin-orbit torques commensurate with spin directions and topological Dirac quasiparticles. Here, we report on the observation of a reversible effect of an electric field on the resistivity of CuMnAs thin films, employing ionic liquid as a gate insula…
The recently discovered electrical-induced switching of antiferromagnetic (AF) materials that have spatial inversion asymmetry has enriched the field of spintronics immensely and opened the door for the concept of antiferromagnetic MRAM. CuMnAs is one promising AF material that exhibits such electrical switching ability, and has been studied to switch using electrical pulses of length millisecond down to picosecond, but with little focus on nanosecond regime. We demonstrate here switching of CuMnAs/GaP using nanosecond pulses. Our results showed that in the nanosecond regime low-energy switchi…
Tetragonal CuMnAs is a room temperature antiferromagnet with an electrically reorientable Néel vector and a Dirac semimetal candidate. Direct measurements of the electronic structure of single-crystalline thin films of tetragonal CuMnAs using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) are reported, including Fermi surfaces (FS) and energy-wavevector dispersions. After correcting for a chemical potential shift of $\approx-390$ meV (hole doping), there is excellent agreement of FS, orbital character of bands, and Fermi velocities between the experiment and density functional theory calcul…
We report on a theoretical and experimental study of CuMn-V antiferromagnets. Previous works showed low-temperature antiferomagnetism and semimetal electronic structure of the semi-Heusler CuMnSb. In this paper we present theoretical predictions of high-temperature antiferromagnetism in the stable orthorhombic phases of CuMnAs and CuMnP. The electronic structure of CuMnAs is at the transition from a semimetal to a semiconductor and we predict that CuMnP is a semiconductor. We show that the transition to a semiconductor-like band structure upon introducing the lighter group-V elements is presen…
The effect of Cu substitution on the stability of the CuMnAs tetragonal phase was studied both experimentally and by ab initio calculations. Polycrystalline samples with various compositions Cu$_{1+x}$Mn$_{1-x}$As $(x = 0 - 0.5)$ were synthetized. The tetragonal phase of CuMnAs is found to be stabilized by substituting Mn by Cu in the amount of $x$ ~ 0.1 or higher. This observation is supported by ab initio calculations of the total energy of the tetragonal and orthorhombic phases; with increasing Cu content the tetragonal phase is favoured. Small variations of composition thus allow to grow s…
Antiferromagnetic spintronics allows us to explore storing and processing information in magnetic crystals with vanishing magnetization. In this manuscript, we investigate magnetoresistance effects in antiferromagnetic CuMnAs upon switching into high-resistive states using electrical pulses. By employing magnetic field sweeps up to 14 T and magnetic field pulses up to $\sim$ 60 T, we reveal hysteretic phenomena and changes in the magnetoresistance, as well as the resilience of the switching signal in CuMnAs to the high magnetic field. These properties of the switched state are discussed in the…
We recently reported on a method to determine the easy axis position in a 10 nm thick film of the fully compensated antiferromagnet CuMnAs. The film had a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and the technique utilized a magneto-optical pump and probe experiment [Nature Photonics 11, 91 (2017)]. In this contribution we discuss the applicability of this method for the investigation of a broader set of epitaxial CuMnAs films having different thicknesses. This work reveals that the equilibrium magnetic anisotropy can be studied only in samples where this anisotropy is rather strong. However, in the major…
We describe measurements of the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and spin-flop rotation of the Néel vector in antiferromagnetic CuMnAs thin films using neutron diffraction. The suppression of the magnetic (100) peak under magnetic fields is observed for films as thin as 20 nm indicating that they undergo a spin-flop transition. Good agreement is found between neutron diffraction and electron transport measurements of the spin-flop rotation in the same layer, with a similar shape and hysteresis of the obtained curves, while the neutron measurements provide a quantitative determination of the spin f…
Recent breakthroughs in electrical detection and manipulation of antiferromagnets have opened a new avenue in the research of non-volatile spintronic devices. Antiparallel spin sublattices in antiferromagnets, producing zero dipolar fields, lead to the insensitivity to magnetic field perturbations, multi-level stability, ultra-fast spin dynamics and other favorable characteristics which may find utility in fields ranging from magnetic memories to optical signal processing. However, the absence of a net magnetic moment and the ultra-short magnetization dynamics timescales make antiferromagnets …
Recent research works have shown that the magnetic order in some antiferromagnetic materials can be manipulated and detected electrically, due to two physical mechanisms: Neel-order spin-orbit torques and anisotropic magnetoresistance. While these observations open up opportunities to use antiferromagnets for magnetic memory devices, different physical characterization methods are required for a better understanding of those mechanisms. Here we report a magnetic field induced rotation of the antiferromagnetic Neel vector in epitaxial tetragonal CuMnAs thin films. Using soft x-ray magnetic line…
Antiferromagnets offer spintronic device characteristics unparalleled in ferromagnets owing to their lack of stray fields, THz spin dynamics, and rich materials landscape. Microscopic imaging of aniferromagnetic domains is one of the key prerequisites for understading physical principles of the device operation. However, adapting common magnetometry techniques to the dipolar-field-free antiferromagnets has been a major challenge. Here we demonstrate in a collinear antiferromagnet a thermoelectric detection method by combining the magneto-Seebeck effect with local heat gradients generated by sc…
Antiferromagnetic materials as active components in spintronic devices promise insensitivity against external magnetic fields, the absence of own magnetic stray fields, and ultrafast dynamics at the picosecond time scale. Materials with certain crystal-symmetry show an intrinsic Néel-order spin-orbit torque that can efficiently switch the magnetic order of an antiferromagnet. The tetragonal variant of CuMnAs was shown to be electrically switchable by this intrinsic spin-orbit effect and its use in memory cells with memristive properties has been recently demonstrated for high-quality films gro…
Noncollinear magnetic moments in antiferromagnets (AFM) lead to a complex behavior of electrical transport, even to a decreasing resistivity due to an increasing temperature. Proper treatment of such phenomena is required for understanding AFM systems at finite temperatures; however first-principles description of these effects is complicated. With ab initio techniques, we investigate three models of spin fluctuations (magnons) influencing the transport in AFM CuMnAs; the models are numerically feasible and easily implementable to other studies. We numerically justified a fully relativistic co…
Epitaxial thin films of CuMnAs have recently attracted attention due to their potential to host relativistic antiferromagnetic spintronics and exotic topological physics. Here we report on the structural and electronic properties of a tetragonal CuMnAs thin film studied using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT). STM reveals a surface terminated by As atoms, with the expected semi-metallic behavior. An unexpected zigzag step edge surface reconstruction is observed with emerging electronic states below the Fermi energy. DFT calculations indicate that the step …
We present a detailed study of the growth of the tetragonal polymorph of antiferromagnetic CuMnAs by the molecular beam epitaxy technique. We explore the parameter space of growth conditions and their effect on the microstructural and transport properties of the material. We identify its typical structural defects and compare the properties of epitaxial CuMnAs layers grown on GaP, GaAs and Si substrates. Finally, we investigate the correlation between the crystalline quality of CuMnAs and its performance in terms of electrically induced resistance switching.
Temperature-dependent resistivity and magnetoresistance are measured in bulk tetragonal phase of antiferromagnetic CuMnAs and the latter is found to be anisotropic both due to structure and magnetic order. We compare these findings to model calculations with chemical disorder and finite-temperature phenomena included. The finite-temperature ab initio calculations are based on the alloy analogy model implemented within the coherent potential approximation and the results are in fair agreement with experimental data. Regarding the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) which reaches a modest magnit…
Tetragonal CuMnAs was the first antiferromagnet where reorientation of the Néel vector was reported to occur by an inverse spin galvanic effect. A complicating factor in the formation of phase-pure tetragonal CuMnAs is the formation of an orthorhombic phase with nearly the same stoichiometry. Pure-phase tetragonal CuMnAs has been reported to require an excess of Cu to maintain a single phase in traditional solid state synthesis reactions. Here we show that subtle differences in diffraction patterns signal pervasive inhomogeneity and phase separation, even in Cu-rich Cu$_{1.18}$Mn$_{0.82}$As. F…
We report the single-crystal growth and characterization of a new hexagonal phase, Cu$_{0.82}$Mn$_{1.18}$As, in the Cu-Mn-As system. This compound contains the same square-pyramidal MnAs$_5$ units as the tetragonal and orthorhombic polymorphs of CuMnAs. Calorimetry, magnetometry, and neutron diffraction measurements reveal antiferromagnetic ordering at 270 K. The magnetic structure consists of a triangular arrangement of spins in the $ab$ plane. Hexagonal Cu$_{0.82}$Mn$_{1.18}$As shows resistivity that varies only weakly from 5 K to 300 K, and is many times higher than tetragonal CuMnAs, indic…
Electronic, magnetic, and transport properties of the antiferromagnetic (AFM) CuMnAs alloy with tetragonal structure, promising for the AFM spintronics, are studied from first principles using the Vienna ab-initio simulation package. We investigate the site-occupation of sublattices and the lattice parameters of three competing phases. We analyze the factors that determine which of the three conceivable structures will prevail. We then estimate formation energies of possible defects for the experimentally prepared lattice structure. Mn$_{\rm Cu}$- and Cu$_{\rm Mn}$-antisites as well as Mn$\lef…
With the increase of the lattice distortion, the orthorhombic manganites $R$MnO$_3$ ($R$$=$ La, Pr, Nd, Tb, and Ho) are known to undergo the phase transition from the layered A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) state to the zigzag E-type AFM state. We consider the microscopic origin of this transition. Our approach consists of the two parts. First, we construct an effective lattice fermion model for the manganese 3d-bands and derive parameters of this model from the first-principles electronic structure calculations. Then, we solve this model in the Hartree-Fock approximation (HFA) and analyze the …
Spectrum of coupled spin, acoustic, electro-dipole and electromagnetic waves in orthorhombic perovskite multiferroics placed in external electric and magnetic field has been calculated. Frequency and field dependencies of electric, magnetic, and magnetoelectric susceptibilities of multiferroics with cycloidal antiferromagnetic structure in external electric and magnetic fields have been investigated as well. The spectrum of coupled waves has a band structure. Width and frequency ranges of bands depend on external fields. The possibility of control of electrodynamic properties of orthorhombic p…
A structural-magnetic models of the orthorhombic and triclinic modifications of the arsenates Cu4O(AsO4)2 and isotypic phosphates Cu4O(PO4)2 has been built and analyzed. Their base elements are the complicated ribbons composed of antiferromagnetic Cu4 tetrahedra. Structurally, these tetrahedra have no shared copper atoms; however, there are strong antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) couplings between them, both within the complicated ribbons and between them. It has been established that both modifications are strongly frustrated 3-D antiferromagnetics due to competition between the…
Orthorhombic Y$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ ($0 \leq x \leq 0.5$) was prepared under high pressure and the variations with $x$ of its structural, magnetic, electrical properties and the polarized Raman spectra were investigated. The lattice parameters change systematically with $x$. Although there are strong indications for increasing disorder above $x = 0.20$, the average structure remains orthorhombic in the whole substitutional range. Ca doping increases conductivity, but temperature dependence of resistivity $ρ$(T) remains semiconducting for all $x$. The average magnetic exchange interaction chang…
We report a La2CuO4-like interlayer antiferromagnetic order in Sr2IrO4 films with large orthorhombic distortion (> 1.5%). The biaxial lattice strain in epitaxial heterostructures of Sr2IrO4/Ca3Ru2O7 lowers the crystal symmetry of Sr2IrO4 from tetragonal (C4) to orthorhombic (C2), guiding the Ir 5d Jeff = 1/2 pseudospin moment parallel to the elongated b-axis via magnetic anisotropy. From resonant X-ray scattering experiments, we observed an antiferromagnetic order in the orthorhombic Sr2IrO4 film whose interlayer stacking pattern is inverted from that of the tetragonal Sr2IrO4 crystal. This in…
Superlattices consist of two ferromagnets La0.7Sr0.3MnO3(LSMO)and SrRuO3(SRO) were grown in (110)-orientation on SrTiO3(STO) substrates. The x-ray diffraction and Raman spectra of these superlattices show the presence of in-plane compressive strain and orthorhombic structure of less than 4 u.c. thick LSMO spacer,respectively. Magnetic measurements reveal several features including reduced magnetization, enhanced coercivity, antiferromagnetic coupling, and switching from antiferromagnetic to ferromagnetic coupling with magnetic field orientations. These magnetic properties are explained by the …
High-quality Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3/SrRuO3 superlattices were fabricated by pulsed laser deposition and were investigated by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and SQUID magnetometry. Superlattices with orthorhombic and tetragonal SrRuO3 layers were investigated. The superlattices grew coherently; in the growth direction Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 layers were terminated by MnO2- and SrRuO3 layers by RuO2-planes. All superlattices showed antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling in low magnetic fields. The coupling strength was significantly higher for orthorhombic than for tetragonal symmetry of the SrR…
Multiferroic properties of orthorhombic HoMnO3 (Pbnm space group) are significantly modified by epitaxial compressive strain along the a-axis. We are able to focus on the effect of strain solely along the a-axis by using an YAlO3 (010) substrate, which has only a small lattice mismatch with HoMnO3 along the other in-plane direction (the c-axis). Multiferroic properties of strained and relaxed HoMnO3 thin films are compared with those reported for bulk, and are found to differ widely. A relaxed film exhibits bulk-like properties such as a ferroelectric transition temperature of 25 K and an inco…
Nonlinear Magnetic Orbital Hall Effect Induced by Spin-Orbit Coupling
Singapore University of Technology and Design（新加坡科技设计大学）；Beihang University（北京航空航天大学）；Yanshan University（燕山大学）；Fudan University（复旦大学）；Lanzhou University（兰州大学）；The Hong Kong Polytechnic University（香港理工大学）
The single layered manganite Pr$_{0.22}$Sr$_{1.78}$MnO$_4$ undergoes structural transition from high temperature tetragonal phase to low temperature orthorhombic phase below room temperature. The orthorhombic phase was reported to have two structural variants with slightly different lattice parameters and Mn-3$d$ levels show orbital ordering within both the variants, albeit having mutually perpendicular ordering axis. In addition to orbital ordering, the orthorhombic variants also order antiferromagnetically with different Néel temperatures. Our magnetic investigation on the polycrystalline sa…
We have found a remarkably large response of the transition temperature of CaFe2As2 single crystals grown out of excess FeAs to annealing / quenching temperature. Whereas crystals that are annealed at 400 C exhibit a first order phase transition from a high temperature tetragonal to a low temperature orthorhombic and antiferromagnetic state near 170 K, crystals that have been quenched from 960 C exhibit a transition from a high temperature tetragonal phase to a low temperature, non-magnetic, collapsed tetragonal phase below 100 K. By use of temperature dependent electrical resistivity, magneti…
The analogues of elementary particles have been extensively searched for in condensed matter systems because of both scientific interests and technological applications. Recently massless Dirac fermions were found to emerge as low energy excitations in the materials named Dirac semimetals. All the currently known Dirac semimetals are nonmagnetic with both time-reversal symmetry $\mathcal{T}$ and inversion symmetry $\mathcal{P}$. Here we show that Dirac fermions can exist in one type of antiferromagnetic systems, where $\mathcal{T}$ and $\mathcal{P}$ are broken but their combination $\mathcal{P…
The interest in understanding scaling limits of magnetic textures such as domain walls spans the entire field of magnetism from its relativistic quantum fundamentals to applications in information technologies. The traditional focus of the field on ferromagnets has recently started to shift towards antiferromagnets which offer a rich materials landscape and utility in ultra-fast and neuromorphic devices insensitive to magnetic field perturbations. Here we report the observation that domain walls in an epitaxial crystal of antiferromagnetic CuMnAs can be atomically sharp. We reveal this ultimat…
The structural, dielectric and dynamical properties of the low temperature antiferromagnetic orthorhombic phase of CaMnO$_3$ have been computed from first principles using a density functional theory approach within the local spin density approximation. The theoretical structural parameters are in good agreement with experiment. The full set of infrared and Raman zone-center phonons is reported and compared to experimental data. It is shown that coherently with the anomalous Born effective charges and the presence of low frequency polar modes, the static dielectric constant is very large and h…
We report on the dielectric properties of epitaxial [001] and [100]-textured thin films of antiferromagnetic orthorhombic YMnO3 and their variation under compressive epitaxial strain. It is found that weakly strained YMnO3 films are ferroelectric with a polarization along c-axis switchable by 90 degrees by an external magnetic field. When reducing film thickness and increasing epitaxial strain, the ferroelectric order is progressively suppressed. Analysis of structural, dielectric and magnetic data indicates that suppression of ferroelectricity when reducing thickness is accompanied by an enla…
Magneto-optical evidence for single-crystal-like magnetic switching of epitaxial antiferromagnetic LaFeO3 films
Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg（哈勒-维滕贝格马丁路德大学）；Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH（柏林亥姆霍兹材料与能源中心有限公司）；University of Potsdam（波茨坦大学）
Polycrystalline La and Ti co-substituted ceramics were synthesized by the tartaric acid modified sol-gel technique. It was observed that the co-substitution of La & Ti at Bi & Fe sites in BiFeO3 suppress the impurity phase formation which is a common problem in bismuth ferrite. The quantitative crystallographic phase analysis was performed with the help of FULLPROF program which suggests the existence of compositional driven crystal structure transition from rhombohederal (space group R3c) to the orthorhombic (space group Pbnm). The changes in the phonon frequencies as well as line widths of A…
Louis Neel pointed out in his Nobel lecture that while abundant and interesting from a theoretical viewpoint, antiferromagnets did not seem to have any applications. Indeed, the alternating directions of magnetic moments on individual atoms and the resulting zero net magnetization make antiferromagnets hard to control by tools common in ferromagnets. Remarkably, Neel in his lecture provides the key which, as we show here, allows us to control antiferromagnets by electrical means analogous to those which paved the way to the development of ferromagnetic spintronics applications. The key noted b…
On the basis of density functional theory electronic band structure calculations using the augmented spherical wave method, the electronic and magnetic properties of the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases of Ca3Mn2O7 were investigated and the spin exchange interactions of the orthorhombic phase were analyzed. Our calculations show that the magnetic insulating states are more stable than the non-magnetic metallic state for both polymorphs of Ca3Mn2O7, the orthorhombic phase is more stable than the tetragonal phase, and the ground state of the orthorhombic phase is antiferromagnetic. The total e…
We present a systematic study of the structure and lattice dynamics at room temperature, and the phonon behavior at low temperatures in orthorhombic Gd$_{1-x}$Y$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ manganites, with 0 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 0.4, using powder x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering. A thorough analysis towards the correlation between both structural and Raman modes parameters was undertaken. The data obtained at room temperature reveal structural distortions arising from the Jahn-Teller distortion and octahedra tilting. The Jahn-Teller distortion is apparently x-independent, while an increase of Mn-O1-Mn bon…
With decreasing temperature Sr$_2$VO$_4$ undergoes two structural phase transitions, tetragonal-to-orthorhombic-to-tetragonal, without long-range magnetic order. Recent experiments suggest, that only at very low temperature Sr$_{2}$VO$_{4}$ might enter some, yet unknown, phase with long-range magnetic order, but without orthorhombic distortion. By combining relativistic density functional theory with an extended spin-1/2 compass-Heisenberg model we find an antiferromagnetic single-stripe ground state with highly competing exchange interactions, involving a non negligible inter-layer coupling, …
We show that using epitaxial strain and chemical pressure in orthorhombic YMnO3 and Co-substituted (YMn0.95Co0.05O3) thin films, a ferromagnetic response can be gradually introduced and tuned. These results, together with the measured anisotropy of the magnetic response, indicate that the unexpected observation of ferromagnetism in orthorhombic o-RMnO3 (R= Y, Ho, Tb, etc) films originates from strain-driven breaking of the fully compensated magnetic ordering by pushing magnetic moments away from the antiferromagnetic [010] axis. We show that the resulting canting angle and the subsequent ferro…
Understanding the interplay between nematicity, magnetism and superconductivity is pivotal for elucidating the physics of iron-based superconductors. Here we use neutron scattering to probe magnetic and nematic orders throughout the phase diagram of NaFe$_{1-x}$Ni$_x$As, finding that while both static antiferromagnetic and nematic orders compete with superconductivity, the onset temperatures for these two orders remain well-separated approaching the putative quantum critical points. We uncover local orthorhombic distortions that persist well above the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural tran…
We investigated the magnetic structure of an orthorhombic YMnO3 thin film by resonant soft x-ray and hard x-ray diffraction. We observed a temperature-dependent incommensurate magnetic reflection below 45 K and a commensurate lattice-distortion reflection below 35 K. These results demonstrate that the ground state is composed of coexisting E-type and cycloidal states. Their different ordering temperatures clarify the origin of the large polarization to be caused by the E-type antiferromagnetic states in the orthorhombic YMnO3 thin film.
Thin films of orthorhombic TbMnO3, as well as other orthorhombic manganites, epitaxially grown on cubic SrTiO3 substrates display an induced magnetic moment that is absent in the bulk (antiferromagnetic) counterpart. Here we show that there is a clear correlation between the domain microstructure and the induced magnetic moment in TbMnO3 films on SrTiO3. In addition, the distinct dependence of the magnetization with the film thickness is not consistent with domain magnetism and indicates that the domain walls, rather than the domains, are the origin of the net magnetic moment. Since the orient…
Orthoferrites are a class of magnetic materials with a magnetic ordering temperature above 600 K, predominant G-type antiferromagnetic ordering of the Fe-spin system and, depending on the rare-earth ion, a spin reorientation of the Fe spin taking place at lower temperatures. DyFeO3 is of particular interest since the spin reorientation is classified as a Morin transition with the transition temperature depending strongly on the Dy-Fe interaction. Here, we report a detailed study of the magnetic and structural properties of microcrystalline DyFeO3 powder and bulk single crystal using neutron di…
Orthorhombic GdFeO$_3$ has attracted considerable attention in recent years because its magnetic structure is similar to that in the well-known BiFeO$_3$ material. We investigate electronic structure, magnetism, and optical properties of the orthorhombic GdFeO$_3$ in terms of density-functional-theory calculations. The modified Becke-Johnson (mBJ) exchange potential is adopted to improve on the description of the electronic structure. Our calculation show that the G-type antiferromagnetic (G-AFM ordering of Fe spins) phase of orthorhombic GdFeO$_3$ is stable compared to other magnetic phases. …
We present self flux growth and characterization of single crystalline AlMn$_2$B$_2$. It is an orthorhombic (space group Cmmm), layered material with a plate like morphology. The anisotropic bulk magnetization data, electrical transport and $^{11}$B nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) data revealed an antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition at 313 $\pm$ 2 K. In the magnetization data, there is also a broad local maximum significantly above the AFM transition that could be a signature of low dimensional magnetic interactions in AlMn$_2$B$_2$.
Using first-principles calculations, the electronic and magnetic properties of orthorhombic BaFeO$_{3}$ (BFO) are investigated with local spin density approximation (LSDA). The calculations reveal that at the optimized lattice volume BFO has a lower energy in ferromagnetic state as compared with antiferromagnetic state. At the equilibrium volume, BFO shows metallic behavior, however, under a large tensile strain ($\sim25\%$), BFO shows half-metallic behavior consistent with the integer magnetic moment of $4.0μ_{\rm{B}}$/fu mainly caused by the $t_{2g}$ and $e_{g}$ electrons of Fe. Including a …
In this work we present a detailed study of the structural and lattice dynamic properties of Y-doped EuMnO3 ceramics (Eu1-xYxMnO3, with 0<x<0.55). A thorough analysis towards the correlation between both structural and Raman modes parameters has been undertaken. Our results provide evidence for two main structural distortions of MnO6 octahedra, arising from a cooperative Jahn-Teller and rotational distortions in these compounds. The temperature dependence of the B1g symmetric stretching mode of the MnO6 units has revealed either a positive or negative shift regarding the pure anharmonic temper…
