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arXiv 1709.02097cs.LO
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具有选择对应的布尔集合论的可满足性问题

The Satisfiability Problem for Boolean Set Theory with a Choice Correspondence

Domenico Cantone, Alfio Giarlotta, Stephen Watson

摘要:

给定一个备选集U,U上的选择(对应)是定义在U的非空子集族Ω上的压缩映射c。在语义上,选项c将Ω中的每个菜单A关联到A的非空子集c(A),该子集包括A的被认为可由代理选择的所有元素。一个关于U的选择是全的,如果它的定义域是U的幂集减去空集,否则是部分的。根据显示偏好理论,如果一个选择可以从U上的二元关系中通过获取每个菜单的所有最大元素来检索,则该选择是可合理化的。众所周知,合理化选择的特点是满足适当的一致性公理,这编纂了菜单中选择的逻辑规则。例如,WARP(弱显示偏好公理)通过传递关系来表征可合理化的选择。在这里,我们研究了集合论的一个基本片段的未量化公式的可满足性问题,涉及选择函数符号c,布尔集运算符和单例,等式和包含谓词,以及命题连接词。特别是,我们考虑的情况下,其中的解释c满足任何组合的两个特定公理的一致性,其结合是等价于WARP。在两种情况下,我们证明了相关的可满足性问题是NP-完全的,而在其余的情况下,我们得到NP-完全的额外的假设下,选择条款的数量是常数。

英文摘要:

Given a set U of alternatives, a choice (correspondence) on U is a contractive map c defined on a family Omega of nonempty subsets of U. Semantically, a choice c associates to each menu A in Omega a nonempty subset c(A) of A comprising all elements of A that are deemed selectable by an agent. A choice on U is total if its domain is the powerset of U minus the empty set, and partial otherwise. According to the theory of revealed preferences, a choice is rationalizable if it can be retrieved from a binary relation on U by taking all maximal elements of each menu. It is well-known that rationalizable choices are characterized by the satisfaction of suitable axioms of consistency, which codify logical rules of selection within menus. For instance, WARP (Weak Axiom of Revealed Preference) characterizes choices rationalizable by a transitive relation. Here we study the satisfiability problem for unquantified formulae of an elementary fragment of set theory involving a choice function symbol c, the Boolean set operators and the singleton, the equality and inclusion predicates, and the propositional connectives. In particular, we consider the cases in which the interpretation of c satisfies any combination of two specific axioms of consistency, whose conjunction is equivalent to WARP. In two cases we prove that the related satisfiability problem is NP-complete, whereas in the remaining cases we obtain NP-completeness under the additional assumption that the number of choice terms is constant.

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