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arXiv 1706.07010cs.ITmath.IT
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无人机无线能量传输:轨迹设计和能量区域特征

UAV-Enabled Wireless Power Transfer: Trajectory Design and Energy Region Characterization

Jie Xu, Yong Zeng, Rui Zhang

摘要:

本文研究了一种新的无人机(UAV)使能的无线功率传输(WPT)系统,其中UAV安装的能量发射器(ET)广播无线能量来为地面上的分布式能量接收器(ER)充电。特别是,我们考虑一个基本的两个用户的情况下,并研究如何无人机可以最佳地利用其移动性,以最大限度地提高能量转移到两个ER在给定的充电期间。我们的特点,可实现的能量区域的两个ER,通过优化无人机的轨迹受到最大速度约束。研究表明,当两个ER之间的距离小于某个阈值时,无人机始终悬停在它们之间的固定位置上,才能达到能量区域的边界;而当它们的距离大于阈值时,为了达到能量区域的边界,无人机一般需要在连接它们的线上方的两个不同位置之间悬停和飞行。仿真结果表明,优化后的无人机飞行轨迹能够显著提高两种能量回收系统的WPT效率和公平性,尤其是在无人机最大速度较大和充电持续时间较长的情况下。

英文摘要:

This paper studies a new unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-enabled wireless power transfer (WPT) system, where a UAV-mounted energy transmitter (ET) broadcasts wireless energy to charge distributed energy receivers (ERs) on the ground. In particular, we consider a basic two-user scenario, and investigate how the UAV can optimally exploit its mobility to maximize the amount of energy transferred to the two ERs during a given charging period. We characterize the achievable energy region of the two ERs, by optimizing the UAV's trajectory subject to a maximum speed constraint. We show that when the distance between the two ERs is smaller than a certain threshold, the boundary of the energy region is achieved when the UAV hovers above a fixed location between them for all time; while when their distance is larger than the threshold, to achieve the boundary of the energy region, the UAV in general needs to hover and fly between two different locations above the line connecting them. Numerical results show that the optimized UAV trajectory can significantly improve the WPT efficiency and fairness of the two ERs, especially when the UAV's maximum speed is large and/or the charging duration is long.

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