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arXiv 1703.06355gr-qc
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外尔相对论:外尔思想的新方法

Weyl relativity: A novel approach to Weyl's ideas

Carlos Barceló, Raúl Carballo-Rubio, Luis J. Garay

摘要:

在本文中,我们重新审视的动机和建设的统一理论的引力和电磁,以下外尔的见解之间的吸引力的潜在联系的规范不变性的电磁场和共形不变性的引力场。我们强调,改变时空的局部对称群允许构建一个理论,其中这两个对称性结合成一个假定的规范对称性,但与二阶场方程和非平凡的质量标度,不同于原来的高阶建设外尔。我们证明了引力场方程与(无迹)爱因斯坦场方程是等价的,保证了它们与广义相对论的已知检验的相容性。作为推论,有效宇宙学常数由于外尔不变性而呈现辐射稳定性。这种结构的一个新的唯象结果特征,可能与宇宙学观测有关,是存在一个能量标度,在这个能量标度以下,与时空距离的不可积性相关的效应,以及电磁场的有效质量,同时出现(作为使用外尔连接的双重表现)。我们解释如何前批评外尔的想法失去了他们的大部分权力,在其目前的轮回,我们称之为外尔相对论,因为它代表了外尔不变,统一描述的爱因斯坦和麦克斯韦场方程。

英文摘要:

In this paper we revisit the motivation and construction of a unified theory of gravity and electromagnetism, following Weyl's insights regarding the appealing potential connection between the gauge invariance of electromagnetism and the conformal invariance of the gravitational field. We highlight that changing the local symmetry group of spacetime permits to construct a theory in which these two symmetries are combined into a putative gauge symmetry but with second-order field equations and non-trivial mass scales, unlike the original higher-order construction by Weyl. We prove that the gravitational field equations are equivalent to the (trace-free) Einstein field equations, ensuring their compatibility with known tests of general relativity. As a corollary, the effective cosmological constant is rendered radiatively stable due to Weyl invariance. A novel phenomenological consequence characteristic of this construction, potentially relevant for cosmological observations, is the existence of an energy scale below which effects associated with the non-integrability of spacetime distances, and an effective mass for the electromagnetic field, appear simultaneously (as dual manifestations of the use of Weyl connections). We explain how former criticisms against Weyl's ideas lose most of their power in its present reincarnation, which we refer to as Weyl relativity, as it represents a Weyl-invariant, unified description of both the Einstein and Maxwell field equations.

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