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arXiv 1702.02674cond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.mtrl-sciphysics.comp-ph
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石墨烯纳米带中的拓扑相:结态、自旋中心和量子自旋链

Topological Phases in Graphene Nanoribbons: Junction States, Spin Centers and Quantum Spin Chains

Ting Cao, Fangzhou Zhao, Steven G. Louie

摘要:

对材料电子基态拓扑结构的了解使人们对诸如整数量子霍尔效应和费米子数分数化等新现象以及物质的其他性质有了深刻的认识。连接两个不同拓扑类的绝缘体在带隙中产生迷人的边界状态。另一个令人兴奋的最新发展是自下而上合成(从分子前体)石墨烯纳米带(GNR),其边缘和宽度具有原子精度控制。在这里,我们连接这两个领域,并首次表明,不同的宽度,边缘和终端的半导体GNRs属于不同的拓扑类。GNR的拓扑结构受到空间对称性的保护,并由终止单位晶胞决定。我们推导出了它们的拓扑不变量的显式公式,并表明在两个不同拓扑的GNR之间发展的局域结态可以通过横向结几何形状来调节。GNR的拓扑结构可以通过掺杂剂(例如硼原子的周期性阵列)进一步修改。在由掺杂和未掺杂GNRs组成的超晶格中,结态是稳定的自旋中心,形成具有可调交换相互作用的海森堡反铁磁自旋1/2链。这些发现不仅对准一维系统的研究具有重要的科学意义,而且通过它们的拓扑特征为未来GNR基器件的设计原理开辟了一条新的途径。

英文摘要:

Knowledge of the topology of the electronic ground state of materials has led to deep insights to novel phenomena such as the integer quantum Hall effect and fermion-number fractionalization, as well as other properties of matter. Joining two insulators of different topological classes produces fascinating boundary states in the band gap. Another exciting recent development is the bottom-up synthesis (from molecular precursors) of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with atomic precision control of their edge and width. Here we connect these two fields, and show for the first time that semiconducting GNRs of different width, edge, and end termination belong to different topological classes. The topology of GNRs is protected by spatial symmetries and dictated by the terminating unit cell. We have derived explicit formula for their topological invariants, and show that localized junction states developed between two GNRs of distinct topology may be tuned by lateral junction geometry. The topology of a GNR can be further modified by dopants, such as a periodic array of boron atoms. In a superlattice consisted of segments of doped and pristine GNRs, the junction states are stable spin centers, forming a Heisenberg antiferromagnetic spin 1/2 chain with tunable exchange interaction. The discoveries here are not only of scientific interest for studies of quasi one-dimensional systems, but also open a new path for design principles of future GNR-based devices through their topological characters.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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