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arXiv 1609.09202q-bio.MN
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大肠杆菌应激反应中Arc蛋白网络的转录和翻译调控

Transcriptional and translational regulation in Arc protein network of Escherichia coli's stress response

Sutapa Mukherji

摘要:

最近,人们在理解sRNA介导的基因表达调控以及这种调控模式与转录调控的不同方面做了大量的努力。在大肠杆菌中,在氧化应激的存在下,sigma^s的合成通过一种有趣的机制进行调控,该机制涉及转录和sRNA介导的翻译调控。参与转录和翻译调控的关键调控因子分别是ArcA和ArcB蛋白以及ArcZ sRNA。磷酸化的ArcA在前馈机制中抑制转录因子sigma和ArcZ sRNA,后者是sigma的转录后激活因子。通过反馈机制,ArcZ sRNA使ArcB mRNA不稳定并调节ArcB蛋白(一种使ArcA磷酸化的激酶)的水平。氧气和能量的可用性预计会影响ArcA磷酸化速率,因此,在平衡状态下,系统可能处于高ArcB(低ArcZ)或低ArcB(高ArcZ)状态。动力学建模研究表明,ArcZ sRNA对ArcB mRNA的去稳定化速率必须适当调整,以达到所需的状态。特别是,对于高磷酸化率,从低到高的ArcZ合成制度的过渡与sRNA-mRNA相互作用的增加是类似的阈值线性响应观察到较早。此外,我们表明,mRNA不稳定的sRNA可能是,特别是,在低磷酸化状态下,具有正确的浓度水平的ArcZ和ArcB是有益的。随机模拟结果表明,随着ArcZ-ArcB结合亲和力的增加,ArcZ分子数量的概率分布变得更平坦,表明频繁发生的不同强度的转录爆发。

英文摘要:

Recently, there has been a lot of effort in understanding sRNA mediated regulation of gene expression and how this mode of regulation differs from transcriptional regulation.In E.coli, in the presence of oxidative stress, the synthesis of sigma^s is regulated through an interesting mechanism involving both transcriptional and sRNA-mediated translational regulation. The key regulatory factors involved in transcriptional and translational regulation are ArcA and ArcB proteins and ArcZ sRNA, respectively. Phosphorylated ArcA, in a feedforward mechanism, represses the transcriptions sigma^s and ArcZ sRNA with the latter being a post-transcriptional activator for sigma^s. Through a feedback mechanisms, ArcZ sRNA destabilises ArcB mRNA and regulates the level of ArcB protein, a kinase that phosphorylates ArcA. The oxygen and energy availability is expected to influence the ArcA phosphorylation rate and, as a consequence, in equilibrium, the system is likely to be in either a high ArcB (low ArcZ) or a low ArcB (high ArcZ) state. Kinetic modelling studies suggest that the rate of destabilisation of ArcB mRNA by ArcZ sRNA must be appropriately tuned for achieving the desired state. In particular, for a high phosphorylation rate, the transition from a low to a high ArcZ synthesis regime with the increase in sRNA-mRNA interaction is similar to the threshold-linear response observed earlier. Further, we show that the mRNA destabilisation by sRNA might be, in particular, beneficial in the low phosphorylation state for having the right concentration levels of ArcZ and ArcB. Stochastic simulation results suggest that as the ArcZ-ArcB binding affinity is increased, the probability distribution for the number of ArcZ molecules becomes flatter indicating frequently occurring transcriptional bursts of varying strengths.

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