In this paper we study the connection between rigid sheaves and separable-exceptional objects on Fano varieties over arbitrary fields. We give criteria for a rigid vector bundle on a Fano variety to be the direct sum of separable-exceptional bundles and for a separable-exceptional vector bundle to be part of a full separable-exceptional collection.
Building on the work of Nogin \cite{Nogin}, we prove that the braid group $B_4$ acts transitively on full exceptional collections of vector bundles on Fano threefolds with $b_2=1$ and $b_3=0$. Equivalently, this group acts transitively on the set of simple helices (considered up to a shift in the derived category) on such a Fano threefold. We also prove that on threefolds with $b_2=1$ and very ample anticanonical class, every exceptional coherent sheaf is locally free.
Generalizing the definitions originally presented by Kuznetsov and Faenzi, we study (possibly non locally free) instanton sheaves of arbitrary rank on Fano threefolds. We classify rank 1 instanton sheaves and describe all curves whose structure sheaves are rank 0 instanton sheaves. In addition, we show that every rank 2 instanton sheaf is an elementary transformation of a locally free instanton sheaf along a rank 0 instanton sheaf. To complete the paper, we describe the moduli space of rank 2 instanton sheaves of charge 2 on a quadric threefold $X$, and show that the full moduli space of rank …
Let $X$ be a smooth Fano manifold equipped with a `` nice '' $n$-blocks collection in the sense of \cite{cm2} and $\mathcal {F}$ a coherent sheaf on $X$. Assume that $X$ is Fano and that all blocks are coherent sheaves. Here we prove that $\mathcal {F}$ has regularity $-\infty$ in the sense of \cite{cm2} if ${Supp}(\mathcal {F})$ is finite, the converse being true under mild assumptions. The corresponding result is also true when $X$ has a geometric collection in the sense of \cite{cm1}.
We study semistable sheaves of rank $2$ with Chern classes $c_1=0$, $c_2=2$ and $c_3=0$ on the Fano 3-fold $V_5$ of Picard number $1$, degree $5$ and index $2$. We show that the moduli space of such sheaves has a component that is isomorphic to $\mathbb{P}^5$ by identifying it with the moduli space of semistable quiver representations. This provides a natural smooth compactification of the moduli space of minimal instantons, as well as Ulrich bundles of rank $2$ on $V_5$.
By the description due to Mukai and Iliev, a smooth prime Fano threefold X of genus 9 is associated to a surface P(V), ruled over a smooth plane quartic Gamma. We use Kuznetsov's integral functor to study rank-2 stable sheaves on X with odd determinant. For each c_2 \geq 7, we prove that a component of their moduli space M_X(2,1,c_2) is birational to a Brill-Noether locus of bundles on Gamma having enough sections when twisted by V. Moreover we prove that M_X(2,1,7) is isomorphic to the blowing-up of the Picard variety Pic^2(Gamma) along the curve parametrizing lines contained in X.
We prove that the Fano variety of lines of a generic cubic fourfold containing a plane is isomorphic to a moduli space of twisted stable complexes on a K3 surface. On the other hand, we show that the Fano varieties are always birational to moduli spaces of twisted stable coherent sheaves on a K3 surface. The moduli spaces of complexes and of sheaves are related by wall-crossing in the derived category of twisted sheaves on the corresponding K3 surface.
Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour（波城大学）；CNRS, LMAP UMR 5142（法国国家科学研究中心，拉马实验室）；Université Bourgogne Europe（勃艮第欧洲大学）；CNRS, IMB UMR 5584（法国国家科学研究中心，IMB实验室）
We consider normal projective n-dimensional varieties X whose anticanonical divisor class -K is ample and where every Weil divisor is a rational multiple of K. The index i is the largest integer such that K/i exists as a Weil divisor. We show (i) if X has log-terminal singularities, and in addition 1-forms on the smooth part of X are holomorphic on a resolution, then (-K)^n =< (max(in,n+1))^n; (ii) if the tangent sheaf of X is semistable, then (-K)^n =<(2n)^n. The proof is based on some elementary but possibly surprising slope estimates on sheaves of differential operators on plurianticanonica…
In the present paper we discuss coherent sheaves of rank > 1 whose projectivization gives rise to smooth varieties - varieties of this type are also called smooth scrolls. We prove some basic properties of these varieties and we give some pertinent examples. We classify Fano manifolds of large index which are of this type.
The purpose of this paper is to calculate the support of the multiplier ideal sheaves derived from the Kähler-Ricci flow on certain toric Fano manifolds with large symmetry. The early idea of this paper has already been in Appendix of \cite{futaki-sano0711}.
We prove a Bogomolov-Gieseker type inequality for the third Chern characters of stable sheaves on Calabi-Yau 3-folds and a large class of Fano 3-folds with given rank and first and second Chern classes. The proof uses the spreading-out technique, vanishings from the tilt-stability conditions, and Langer's estimation theorem of the global sections of torsion free sheaves. In particular, the result implies that the conjectural sufficient conditions on the Chern numbers for the existence of stable sheaves on a Calabi-Yau 3-fold by Douglas-Reinbacher-Yau needs to be modified.
Let X be a general complex Fano threefold of genus 8. We prove that the moduli space of rank two semistable sheaves on X with Chern numbers c_1=1, c_2=6 and c_3=0 is isomorphic to the Fano surface F(X) of conics on X. Inside F(X), the non-locally free sheaves are parameterized by a smooth curve of genus 26 isomorphic to the base of the family of lines on X.
We present evidence for an undiscovered link between N=2 supersymmetric quantum field theories and the mathematical theory of helices of coherent sheaves. We give a thorough review for nonspecialists of both the mathematics and physics involved, and invite the reader to take up the search for this elusive connection.
We study semi-stable sheaves of rank $2$ with Chern class $c_1=0$, $c_2=2$ and $c_3=0$ on the Fano 3-folds $V_4$ of Picard number $1$, degree $4$ and index $2$. We show the moduli space of such sheaves is isomorphic to the moduli space of semi-stable rank $2$ even degree vector bundles on a genus $2$ curve. This provides a natural smooth compatification of the moduli space of Ulrich bundles of rank $2$ on $V_4$.
We extend Nadel's results on some conditions for the multiplier ideal sheaves to satisfy which are described in terms of an obstruction defined by the first author. Applying our extension we can determine the multiplier ideal sheaves on toric del Pezzo surfaces which do not admit Kähler-Einstein metrics. We also show that one can define multiplier ideal sheaves for Kähler-Ricci solitons and extend the result of Nadel using the holomorphic invariant defined by Tian and Zhu.
This note is written for the Festschrift in honor of Professor Christer Kiselman. Multiplier ideal sheaves identify the location and the extent of the failure of crucial estimates. In this note we will discuss and explain the historic evolution of the notion of multiplier ideal sheaves, especially the interpretation from the viewpoint of destabilizing subsheaves in the context of terminating or bounding an infinite process. We will also discuss the approach of constructing rational curves in Fano manifolds by using dynamic multiplier ideal sheaves and singularity-magnifying complex Monge-Amper…
We consider the structure of the derived categories of coherent sheaves on Fano threefolds with Picard number 1 and describe a strange relation between derived categories of different threefolds. In the Appendix we discuss how the ring of algebraic cycles of a smooth projective variety is related to the Grothendieck group of its derived category.
We study Bridgeland moduli spaces of semistable objects of $(-1)$-classes and $(-4)$-classes in the Kuznetsov components on index one prime Fano threefold $X_{4d+2}$ of degree $4d+2$ and index two prime Fano threefold $Y_d$ of degree $d$ for $d=3,4,5$. For every Serre-invariant stability condition on the Kuznetsov components, we show that the moduli spaces of stable objects of $(-1)$-classes on $X_{4d+2}$ and $Y_d$ are isomorphic. We show that moduli spaces of stable objects of $(-1)$-classes on $X_{14}$ are realized by Fano surface $\mathcal{C}(X)$ of conics, moduli spaces of semistable sheav…
A $h$-instanton sheaf on a closed subscheme $X$ of some projective space endowed with an ample and globally generated line bundle $\mathcal{O}_X(h)$ is a coherent sheaf whose cohomology table has a certain prescribed shape. In this paper we deal with $h$-instanton sheaves relating them to Ulrich sheaves. Moreover, we study $h$-instanton sheaves on smooth curves and surfaces, cyclic $n$-folds, Fano $3$-folds and scrolls over arbitrary smooth curves. We also deal with a family of monads associated to $h$-instanton bundles on varieties satisfying some mild extra technical conditions.
We give some bounds on the anticanonical degrees of Fano varieties with Picard number 1 and mild singularities, extending results of Kollár et al. from the early 90's and improving them even in the smooth case. The proof is based on a study of positivity properties of sheaves of differential operators on ample line bundles, and avoids the use of rational curves and bend-and-break. This note is a self-contained exposition of the main ideas of math.AG/9811022
In this paper, we investigate the semistability of logarithmic de Rham sheaves on a smooth projective variety, under suitable conditions. In particular when the Picard number is one, we obtain results for any log Del Pezzo surface, log Fano threefolds, and for log Fano $n$-folds of dimension $n\leq 6$.
We propose a new method to study birational maps between Fano varieties based on multiplier ideal sheaves. Using this method, we prove equivariant birational rigidity of four Fano threefolds acted on by the group A6. As an application, we obtain that the Cremona group of rank 3 has at least five non-conjugate subgroups isomorphic to A6.
We present a method based on mutations of helices which leads to the construction (in the large volume limit) of exceptional coherent sheaves associated with the $(\sum_al_a=0)$ orbits in Gepner models. This is explicitly verified for a few examples including some cases where the ambient weighted projective space has singularities not inherited by the Calabi-Yau hypersurface. The method is based on two conjectures which lead to the analog,in the general case, of the Beilinson quiver for $\BP^n$. We discuss how one recovers the McKay quiver using the gauged linear sigma model (GLSM) near the or…
We prove that ideal sheaves of lines in a Fano threefold $X$ of Picard rank one and index two are stable objects in the Kuznetsov component $\mathsf{Ku}(X)$, with respect to the stability conditions constructed by Bayer, Lahoz, Macrì and Stellari, giving a modular description to the Hilbert scheme of lines in $X$. When $X$ is a cubic threefold, we show that the Serre functor of $\mathsf{Ku}(X)$ preserves these stability conditions. As an application, we obtain the smoothness of non-empty moduli spaces of stable objects in $\mathsf{Ku}(X)$. When $X$ is a quartic double solid, we describe a conn…
Let $S$ be a smooth projective variety and $Δ$ a simple normal crossing $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor with coefficients in $(0,1]$. For any ample $\mathbb{Q}$-line bundle $L$ over $S$, we denote by $\mathscr{E}(L)$ the extension sheaf of the orbifold tangent sheaf $T_S(-\log(Δ))$ by the structure sheaf $\mathcal{O}_S$ with the extension class $c_1(L)$. We show the following two results: (i) If $-(K_S+Δ)$ is ample and $(S, Δ)$ is K-semistable, then for any $λ\in \mathbb{Q}_{>0}$, the extension sheaf $\mathscr{E}({λc_1(-(K_S+Δ))})$ is slope semistable with respect to $-(K_S+Δ)$; (ii) If $K_S+Δ\equiv 0$, …
The derived category of coherent sheaves on a general quintic threefold is a central object in mirror symmetry. We show that it can be embedded into the derived category of a certain Fano elevenfold. Our proof also generates related examples in different dimensions.
A classical result of Bondal-Orlov states that a standard flip in birational geometry gives rise to a fully faithful functor between derived categories of coherent sheaves. We complete their embedding into a semiorthogonal decomposition by describing the complement. As an application, we can lift the "quadratic Fano correspondence" (due to Galkin-Shinder) in the Grothendieck ring of varieties between a smooth cubic hypersurface, its Fano variety of lines, and its Hilbert square, to a semiorthogonal decomposition. We also show that the Hilbert square of a cubic hypersurface of dimension at leas…
We prove a new restriction theorem for semistable sheaves on varieties in all characteristics strengthening previous results. We also prove restriction theorem for strong semistability for varieties with some non-negativity constrains on the cotangent bundle (e.g., most of Fano and Calabi-Yau varieties).
In the present paper we discuss stability of the tanget bundle of a Fano n-fold of index >= n-2 and b_2=1. For example, we prove that all Fano 4-folds with b_2=1 have stable tangent bundle. For this purpose we prove some vanishing theorems for sheaves of twisted holomorphic forms on ample divisors and cyclic coverings of manifolds having "special cohomology".
Given a smooth prime Fano threefold $X$ of genus 7 we consider its homologically projectively dual curve $Γ$ and the natural integral functor $Φ^{!}:D^b(X) \to D^b(Γ)$. We prove that, for $d\geq 6$, $Φ^{!}$ gives a birational map from a component of the moduli scheme $M_X(2,1,d)$ of rank 2 stable sheaves on $X$ with $c_1=1$, $c_2=d$ to a generically smooth $2d-9$-dimensional component of the Brill-Noether variety $W^{2d-11}_{d-5,5d-24}$ of stable vector bundles on $Γ$ of rank $d-5$ and degree $5d-24$ with at least $2d-10$ sections. This map turns out to be an isomorphism for $d=6$, and the mod…
Building on the work of Mukai, we explore the birational geometry of the moduli spaces M_{S,L} of semistable rank two torsion-free sheaves, with c_1=-K_S and c_2=2, on a polarized degree one del Pezzo surface (S,L); this is related to the birational geometry of the blow-up X of P^4 in 8 points. Our analysis is explicit and is obtained by looking at the variation of stability conditions. Then we provide a careful investigation of the blow-up X and of the moduli space Y=M_{S,-K_S}, which is a remarkable family of smooth Fano 4-folds. In particular we describe the relevant cones of divisors of Y,…
Given a smooth non-hyperelliptic prime Fano threefold X, we prove the existence of all rank 2 ACM vector bundles on X by deformation of semistable sheaves. We show that these bundles move in generically smooth components of the corresponding moduli space. We give applications to pfaffian representations of quartic threefolds in P^4 and cubic hypersurfaces of a smooth quadric of P^5.
Building on the work of Casagrande-Codogni-Fanelli, we develop our study on the birational geometry of the Fano fourfold $Y=M_{S,-K_S}$ which is the moduli space of semi-stable rank-two torsion-free sheaves with $c_1=-K_S$ and $c_2=2$ on a polarised degree-one del Pezzo surface $(S,-K_S)$. Based on the relation between $Y$ and the blow-up of $\mathbb{P}^4$ in $8$ points, we describe completely the base scheme of the anticanonical system $|{-}K_Y|$. We also prove that the Bertini involution $ι_Y$ of $Y$, induced by the Bertini involution $ι_S$ of $S$, preserves every member in $|{-}K_Y|$. In pa…
In \cite{CVX3}, we have established a Springer theory for the symmetric pair $(\operatorname{SL}(N),\operatorname{SO}(N))$. In this setting we obtain representations of (the Tits extension) of the braid group rather than just Weyl group representations. These representations arise from cohomology of families of certain (Hessenberg) varieties. In this paper we determine the Springer correspondence explicitly for IC sheaves supported on order 2 nilpotent orbits. In this process we encounter universal families of hyperelliptic curves. As an application we calculate the cohomolgy of Fano varieties…
We construct quasi-phantom admissible subcategories in the derived category of coherent sheaves on the Beauville surface $S$. These quasi-phantoms subcategories appear as right orthogonals to subcategories generated by exceptional collections of maximal possible length 4 on $S$. We prove that there are exactly 6 exceptional collections consisting of line bundles (up to a twist) and these collections are spires of two helices.
The nonabelian Jacobian $\JA$ of a smooth projective surface $X$ is inspired by the classical theory of Jacobian of curves. It is built as a natural scheme interpolating between the Hilbert scheme $\XD$ of subschemes of length $d$ of $X$ and the stack ${\bf M}_X (2,L,d)$ of torsion free sheaves of rank 2 on $X$ having the determinant $\OO_X (L)$ and the second Chern class (= number) $d$. It relates to such influential ideas as variations of Hodge structures, period maps, nonabelian Hodge theory, Homological mirror symmetry, perverse sheave, geometric Langlands program. These relations manifest…
We briefly review the formal picture in which a Calabi-Yau $n$-fold is the complex analogue of an oriented real $n$-manifold, and a Fano with a fixed smooth anticanonical divisor is the analogue of a manifold with boundary, motivating a holomorphic Casson invariant counting bundles on a Calabi-Yau 3-fold. We develop the deformation theory necessary to obtain the virtual moduli cycles of \cite{LT}, \cite{BF} in moduli spaces of stable sheaves whose higher obstruction groups vanish. This gives, for instance, virtual moduli cycles in Hilbert schemes of curves in $\Pee^3$, and Donaldson-- and Grom…
We introduce Seshadri constants for line bundles in a relative setting. They generalize the classical Seshadri constants of line bundles on projective varieties and their extension to vector bundles studied by Beltrametti-Schneider-Sommese and Hacon. There are similarities to the classical theory. In particular, we give a Seshadri-type ampleness criterion, and we relate Seshadri constants to jet separation and to asymptotic base loci. We give three applications of our new version of Seshadri constants. First, a celebrated result of Mori can be restated as saying that any Fano manifold whose ta…
Let $Z$ be a Fano variety satisfying the condition that the rank of the Grothendieck group of $Z$ is one more than the dimension of $Z$. Let $ω_Z$ denote the total space of the canonical line bundle of $Z$, considered as a non-compact Calabi-Yau variety. We use the theory of exceptional collections to describe t-structures on the derived category of coherent sheaves on $ω_Z$. The combinatorics of these t-structures is determined by a natural action of an affine braid group, closely related to the well-known action of the Artin braid group on the set of exceptional collections on $Z$.
We show that the projectivization of the exceptional rank 2 vector bundle on an arbitrary smooth V14 Fano threefold after a certain natural flop turns into the projectivization of an instanton vector bundle on a smooth cubic threefold. And vice versa, starting from a smooth cubic threefold with an instanton vector bundle of charge 2 on it we reconstruct V14 threefold. Relying on the geometric properties of the above correspondence we prove that the orthogonals to the exceptional pairs in the bounded derived categories of coherent sheaves on a smooth V14 threefold and on the corresponding cubic…
In this paper we consider a conjecture formulated by the second author in occasion of the 1998 ICM in Berlin (arXiv:math/9807034v2). This conjecture states the equivalence, for a Fano variety $X$, of the semisimplicity condition for the quantum cohomology $QH^\bullet(X)$ with the existence condition of full exceptional collections in the derived category of coherent sheaves $\mathcal D^b(X)$. Furthermore, in its quantitative formulation, the conjecture also prescribes an explicit relationship between the monodromy data of $QH^\bullet(X)$ and characteristic classes of both $X$ and objects of th…
In our previous paper we suggested a conjecture relating the structure of the small quantum cohomology ring of a smooth Fano variety to the structure of its derived category of coherent sheaves. Here we generalize this conjecture, make it more precise, and support by the examples of (co)adjoint homogeneous varieties of simple algebraic groups of Dynkin types $A_n$ and $D_n$, i.e., flag varieties $Fl(1,n;n+1)$ and isotropic orthogonal Grassmannians $OG(2,2n)$; in particular we construct on each of those an exceptional collection invariant with respect to the entire automorphism group. For $OG(2…
