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arXiv 1607.08353cond-mat.mtrl-sci
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Mg掺杂GaN中点缺陷的自补偿

Self-compensation due to point defects in Mg-doped GaN

Giacomo Miceli, Alfredo Pasquarello

摘要:

利用混合密度泛函理论,我们解决了点缺陷容易引起的电荷补偿Mg掺杂的GaN。我们确定的自由能形成的氮空位和几个镁相关的缺陷。熵的贡献作为温度的函数内确定的准谐波近似。我们发现,Mg间隙显示出一个显着较低的自由能的形成比Mg替代Ga在p型条件。因此,Mg杂质是两性的,当取代Ga时表现得像受体,当容纳在间隙位置时表现得像双施主。混合功能的结果,然后连接到实验观察,通过求解电荷中性方程的半导体占主导地位的杂质。我们发现,热力学平衡模型是无法解释的实验空穴浓度作为Mg掺杂密度的函数,由于氮空位和Mg的晶体作为补偿捐助者。为了解释实验结果,其中包括在高镁密度的空穴浓度的下降,我们因此诉诸非平衡模型。我们发现,无论是氮空位或镁晶体可能是在起源的自补偿机制。然而,只有基于间隙Mg供体的模型提供了一种自然的机制来解释突然出现的自补偿。事实上,Mg杂质的两性性质导致费米能级钉扎,并解释了在高Mg掺杂下观察到的GaN样品的空穴浓度的下降。我们的工作表明,在p型掺杂的GaN的电流限制可以克服在生长过程中的额外控制费米能。

英文摘要:

Using hybrid density functional theory, we address point defects susceptible to cause charge compensation upon Mg doping of GaN. We determine the free energy of formation of the nitrogen vacancy and of several Mg-related defects. The entropic contribution as a function of temperature is determined within the quasiharmonic approximation. We find that the Mg interstitial shows a noticeably lower free energy of formation than the Mg substitutional to Ga in p-type conditions. Therefore, the Mg impurity is amphoteric behaving like an acceptor when substitutional to Ga and like a double donor when accommodated in an interstitial position. The hybrid-functional results are then linked to experimental observations by solving the charge neutrality equations for semiconductor dominated by impurities. We show that a thermodynamic equilibrium model is unable to account for the experimental hole concentration as a function of Mg doping density, due to nitrogen vacancies and Mg interstitials acting as compensating donors. To explain the experimental result, which includes a dropoff of the hole concentration at high Mg densities, we thus resort to nonequilibrium models. We show that either nitrogen vacancies or Mg interstitials could be at the origin of the self-compensation mechanism. However, only the model based on interstitial Mg donors provides a natural mechanism to account for the sudden appearance of self-compensation. Indeed, the amphoteric nature of the Mg impurity leads to Fermi-level pinning and accounts for the observed dropoff of the hole concentration of GaN samples at high Mg doping. Our work suggests that current limitations in p-type doping of GaN could be overcome by extrinsically controlling the Fermi energy during growth.

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