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arXiv 1607.00764hep-thastro-ph.COhep-ph
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非阿贝尔宇宙弦的新解

New solutions for non-Abelian cosmic strings

Mark Hindmarsh, Kari Rummukainen, David J. Weir

摘要:

研究了非阿贝尔规范理论中经典涡旋解的性质。一个由两个伴随希格斯场组成的系统将SU(2)规范对称性破坏为$Z_2$,产生了被束缚在宇宙弦上的胡夫-波里雅科夫单极子,称为珠子;有两个带电荷的玻色子和两个简并弦解。弦偶然打破了理论的离散$Z_2$对称性,解释了基态的简并性。当两个伴随的希格斯场的质量简并时,模型的进一步对称性出现了,这是以前没有认识到的。扩大离散对称性的破坏引起额外的字符串解决方案和分裂的单极子成四种类型的“semipole”:扭结解决方案,插入字符串之间的解决方案,分类由一个复杂的规范不变的磁通量和$Z_4$收费。在希格斯自耦合的特殊值下,弦偶然打破的对称性是连续的,从而在弦上产生了超电流。SU(2)理论可以嵌入到大统一理论的广泛类别中,包括SO(10)。我们认为半极和超电流在大统一弦上是通用的。

英文摘要:

We study the properties of classical vortex solutions in a non-Abelian gauge theory. A system of two adjoint Higgs fields breaks the SU(2) gauge symmetry to $Z_2$, producing 't Hooft-Polyakov monopoles trapped on cosmic strings, termed beads; there are two charges of monopole and two degenerate string solutions. The strings break an accidental discrete $Z_2$ symmetry of the theory, explaining the degeneracy of the ground state. Further symmetries of the model, not previously appreciated, emerge when the masses of the two adjoint Higgs fields are degenerate. The breaking of the enlarged discrete symmetry gives rise to additional string solutions and splits the monopoles into four types of `semipole': kink solutions that interpolate between the string solutions, classified by a complex gauge invariant magnetic flux and a $Z_4$ charge. At special values of the Higgs self-couplings, the accidental symmetry broken by the string is continuous, giving rise to supercurrents on the strings. The SU(2) theory can be embedded in a wide class of Grand Unified Theories, including SO(10). We argue that semipoles and supercurrents are generic on GUT strings.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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