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arXiv 1606.04600q-bio.PE
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具有免疫增强和交叉免疫的SIRWS模型的周期解

Periodic solutions in an SIRWS model with immune boosting and cross-immunity

Tiffany Leung, Barry D. Hughes, Federico Frascoli, James M. McCaw

摘要:

百日咳是一种由百日咳杆菌和副百日咳杆菌引起的感染,自1980年代以来在许多国家的发病率一直在上升。免疫相互作用,如免疫增强和病原体之间的交叉免疫,已被假设为流行病学动态的重要驱动因素。我们提出了一个双病原体传播模型,研究免疫增强和交叉免疫如何影响流行病的时间和严重程度。我们使用数值模拟和分岔技术相结合,研究系统的动力学性质,特别是稳定的周期解存在的条件。推导出单病原体模型稳态的解析表达式,并给出周期解存在的条件。我们的双病原体模型的一个关键结果是,虽然研究表明,相对较强水平的免疫增强可以独立地产生周期解,但即使免疫增强水平较弱,交叉免疫也允许存在周期解。不对称交叉免疫可使发病率和发病期显著增加。我们的研究强调了更好地理解病原体之间的免疫相互作用的重要性,以改善基于模型的流行病学数据的解释。

英文摘要:

Incidence of whooping cough, an infection caused by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis, has been on the rise since the 1980s in many countries. Immunological interactions, such as immune boosting and cross-immunity between pathogens, have been hypothesised to be important drivers of epidemiological dynamics. We present a two-pathogen model of transmission which examines how immune boosting and cross-immunity can influence the timing and severity of epidemics. We use a combination of numerical simulations and bifurcation techniques to study the dynamical properties of the system, particularly the conditions under which stable periodic solutions are present. We derive analytic expressions for the steady state of the single-pathogen model, and give a condition for the presence of periodic solutions. A key result from our two-pathogen model is that, while studies have shown that immune boosting at relatively strong levels can independently generate periodic solutions, cross-immunity allows for the presence of periodic solutions even when the level of immune boosting is weak. Asymmetric cross-immunity can produce striking increases in the incidence and period. Our study underscores the importance of developing a better understanding of the immunological interactions between pathogens in order to improve model-based interpretations of epidemiological data.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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