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arXiv 1604.08151cond-mat.str-elcond-mat.mes-hall
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点群对称性保护的拓扑相

Topological phases protected by point group symmetry

Hao Song, Sheng-Jie Huang, Liang Fu, Michael Hermele

摘要:

我们认为对称保护拓扑(SPT)相位晶体点群对称,称为点群SPT(PGSPT)相位。我们表明,这样的阶段可以理解的低维拓扑相位与现场对称性,并可以构建这些低维状态的堆栈和阵列。这提供了一个一般的框架来分类和表征玻色子和费米子pgSPT阶段,可以适用于任意晶体点群对称性和在任意空间维度的基础。我们开发和说明这个框架的几个例子,专注于三维状态。我们分类玻色子pgSPT阶段和费米拓扑晶体超导体与$Z_2^P$(反射)对称性,电子拓扑晶体绝缘体(TCI)与${\rm U}(1) \times {Z}_2^P$对称性,和玻色子pgSPT阶段与$C_{2v}$对称性,这是由两个垂直的镜面反射。我们还研究了表面性质,重点是间隙,拓扑有序的表面状态。对于电子TCI,我们发现了一个$Z_8 \times Z_2$分类,其中$Z_8$对应于从非相互作用电子获得的已知状态,而$Z_2$对应于“强相关”TCI,其需要体中的强相互作用。我们的方法也可能指向一个一般理论的对称性丰富的拓扑(SET)相位与结晶点群对称。

英文摘要:

We consider symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases with crystalline point group symmetry, dubbed point group SPT (pgSPT) phases. We show that such phases can be understood in terms of lower-dimensional topological phases with on-site symmetry, and can be constructed as stacks and arrays of these lower-dimensional states. This provides the basis for a general framework to classify and characterize bosonic and fermionic pgSPT phases, that can be applied for arbitrary crystalline point group symmetry and in arbitrary spatial dimension. We develop and illustrate this framework by means of a few examples, focusing on three-dimensional states. We classify bosonic pgSPT phases and fermionic topological crystalline superconductors with $Z_2^P$ (reflection) symmetry, electronic topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) with ${\rm U}(1) \times {Z}_2^P$ symmetry, and bosonic pgSPT phases with $C_{2v}$ symmetry, which is generated by two perpendicular mirror reflections. We also study surface properties, with a focus on gapped, topologically ordered surface states. For electronic TCIs we find a $Z_8 \times Z_2$ classification, where the $Z_8$ corresponds to known states obtained from non-interacting electrons, and the $Z_2$ corresponds to a "strongly correlated" TCI that requires strong interactions in the bulk. Our approach may also point the way toward a general theory of symmetry enriched topological (SET) phases with crystalline point group symmetry.

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