arXiv 1604.030952016-04hep-thgr-qc

AdS黑洞的光滑因果斑

Smooth Causal Patches for AdS Black Holes

Suvrat Raju

备注：: 48+9 pages (v2) typos fixed (v3) textual changes in intro for clarity; refs added; results unchanged
发表信息：: Phys. Rev. D 95, 126002 (2017)
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevD.95.126002

摘要：

本文综述了AdS黑洞低能激发的佯谬。在边界理论中，适当选择幺正算符可以在黑洞视界附近产生局部强激发，由于引力红移，黑洞视界的整体能量很小。矛盾的是，这似乎违反了统计力学的一般规则，即能量参数小于$k T$的算符不能在热系统中产生显著的激发。当我们仔细研究产生激发的边界幺正算子的位置依赖性和检测超大效应所需的大量可观测量时，我们发现它们并不都适合于一个单一的因果补丁。这是从一个显着的属性的位置空间AdS激励器，我们明确建立，并解决了悖论在一个通用的系统状态，因为没有组合的观察者既可以创建的激励和观察其效果。作为我们分析的一个特例，我们展示了这是如何解决arXiv：1506.01337的“玻恩规则”悖论的，我们使用独立的计算验证了我们的解决方案。然后，我们考虑经过微调以在下落观察者的因果补丁之外显示自发激发的边界状态，并且我们提出了AdS/CFT中因果补丁互补性的一个版本，也解决了此类状态的悖论。

英文摘要：

We review the paradox of low energy excitations about an AdS black hole. An appropriately chosen unitary operator in the boundary theory can create a locally strong excitation near the black hole horizon, whose global energy is small as a result of the gravitational redshift. The paradox is that this seems to violate a general rule of statistical mechanics, which states that an operator with energy parametrically smaller than $k T$ cannot create a significant excitation in a thermal system. When we carefully examine the position dependence of the boundary unitary operator that produces the excitation and the bulk observable necessary to detect the anomalously large effect, we find that they do not both fit in a single causal patch. This follows from a remarkable property of position space AdS correlators that we establish explicitly, and resolves the paradox in a generic state of the system, since no combination of observers can both create the excitation and observe its effect. As a special case of our analysis, we show how this resolves the "Born rule" paradox of arXiv:1506.01337 and we verify our solution using an independent calculation. We then consider boundary states that are finely tuned to display a spontaneous excitation outside the causal patch of the infalling observer, and we propose a version of causal patch complementarity in AdS/CFT that resolves the paradox for such states as well.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。

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