柯西-达文波特型不等式I
Cauchy-Davenport type inequalities, I
摘要:
设$\mathbb G = (G, +)$是一个群(可以是阿贝尔群,也可以不是阿贝尔群)。给定$X, Y \subseteq G$,我们用$\langle Y \rangle$表示由$Y$生成的$\mathbb G$的子半群,如果是$|Y| \ge 2$,我们设$$γ(Y) := \sup_{y_0 \in Y} \inf_{y_0 \ne y \in Y} {\rm ord}(y - y_0)$$,否则设$γ(Y) := |Y|$。我们证明了如果$\langle Y \rangle$是交换的,$Y$是非空的,并且$X+2Y \neq X + Y + y$对于某些$y \in Y$,则$$ |X+Y| \ge |X|+\min(γ(Y), |Y| - 1). $$实际上,这是从一个更一般的结果得到的,它改进了作者以前关于可消半群中和集的工作,并且得到了各种加法定理的全面推广,在某些情况下得到了相当大的加强,特别是包括Chowla-Pillai定理(关于有限循环群中的和集)和Hamidoune-Shatrowsky定理的阿贝尔群的特殊化。
英文摘要:
Let $\mathbb G = (G, +)$ be a group (either abelian or not). Given $X, Y \subseteq G$, we denote by $\langle Y \rangle$ the subsemigroup of $\mathbb G$ generated by $Y$, and we set $$γ(Y) := \sup_{y_0 \in Y} \inf_{y_0 \ne y \in Y} {\rm ord}(y - y_0)$$ if $|Y| \ge 2$ and $γ(Y) := |Y|$ otherwise. We prove that if $\langle Y \rangle$ is commutative, $Y$ is non-empty, and $X+2Y \neq X + Y + y$ for some $y \in Y$, then $$ |X+Y| \ge |X|+\min(γ(Y), |Y| - 1). $$ Actually, this is obtained from a more general result, which improves on previous work of the author on sumsets in cancellative semigroups, and yields a comprehensive generalization, and in some cases a considerable strengthening, of various additive theorems, notably including the Chowla-Pillai theorem (on sumsets in finite cyclic groups) and the specialization to abelian groups of the Hamidoune-Shatrowsky theorem.
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