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arXiv 1602.00550astro-ph.SR
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磁星大气丰度的成分波和变化

Compositional waves and variations in the atmospheric abundances of magnetic stars

Vadim Urpin

摘要:

主序中段的恒星通常有相对静止的外层,其大气层中可能有点状的化学结构。最近的观测表明,随着恒星在主序星上的演化,丰度的特性会发生变化,这些变化的时间尺度从百万年到数月不等。这些观察结果意味着,也许我们对磁星中起作用的扩散过程的理解是不完整的,需要对这些过程进行更详细的分析。在本文中,我们考虑由电流和霍尔效应的综合影响所引起的扩散,这种扩散具有许多非常特殊的性质,通常,结合其他扩散过程,可以改变恒星的表面化学。例如,电流驱动的扩散伴随着一种特殊类型的波的传播,其中只有杂质数密度振荡。这种波的传播改变了斑点的形状和大小以及其中的化学丰度。成分波的周期取决于等离子体的参数(磁场、电流、温度等)。并且对于不同元素的波可以不同。在磁压力大于气体压力的区域存在成分波。这些波可能是磁星丰度特性在不同时间尺度上变化的原因。

英文摘要:

The stars of the middle main sequence often have relatively quiescent outer layers and spot-like chemical structures may develope in their atmospheres. Recent observations show that abundance peculiarities can change as stars evolve on the main sequence and the timescale of these changes lies in a wide range from million years to months. These observations imply that, perhaps, our understanding of diffusion processes at work in magnetic stars is incomplete and a more detailed analysis of these processes is required. In the present paper, we consider diffusion caused by a combined influence of the electric current and the Hall effect.Such diffusion has a number of very particular properties and, generally, can change the surface chemistry of stars in combination with other diffusion processes. For instance, current-driven diffusion is accompanied by a propagation of the special type of waves in which only the impurity number density oscillates. Propagation of such waves changes the shape and size of spots as well as chemical abundances within them. The period of compositional waves depends on the parameters of plasma (magnetic field, electric current, temperature, etc.) and can be different for the waves of different elements. Compositional waves exist in the regions where the magnetic pressure is greater than the gas pressure. These waves can be the reason of variations with different timescales in the abundance peculiarities of magnetic stars.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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