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arXiv 1601.04582physics.atom-ph
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具有$5 \times 10^{-17}$不确定度的Yb和Sr钟在150 s平均时间的频率比

Frequency ratio of Yb and Sr clocks with $5 \times 10^{-17}$ uncertainty at 150 s averaging time

Nils Nemitz, Takuya Ohkubo, Masao Takamoto, Ichiro Ushijima, Manoj Das, Noriaki Ohmae, Hidetoshi Katori

摘要:

原子和离子的跃迁频率是自然界中最精确的量之一,除了卫星导航系统等广泛应用外,还通过测试物理学基本定律在推动科学前沿方面发挥着重要作用。基于光学跃迁的原子钟接近$10^{-18}$的不确定度,其中全频率描述远远超出SI秒的范围。另一方面,这种超级时钟的频率比不受此限制。因此,他们可以验证超级时钟集合的一致性和整体精度,这是重新定义秒的重要一步。然而,根据迄今为止报道的这种频率比的测量稳定性,对$1 \times 10^{-18}$不确定性的确认将需要多个月的平均时间$τ$。本文报道了一种改进了$4 \times 10^{-16} (τ/s)^{-1/2}$稳定度的中性镱锶钟频率比的测量。通过光晶格时钟的高稳定性询问数百个原子,这标志着所需的平均时间比以前的创纪录的实验减少了90倍,该实验确定了Al+和Hg+单离子时钟与$5.2 \times 10^{-17}$的不确定性之比。对于Yb/Sr比值,我们发现R = 1.207 507 039 343 337 749(55),分数不确定度为$4.6 \times 10^{-17}$。

英文摘要:

Transition frequencies of atoms and ions are among the most accurately accessible quantities in nature, playing important roles in pushing the frontiers of science by testing fundamental laws of physics, in addition to a wide range of applications such as satellite navigation systems. Atomic clocks based on optical transitions approach uncertainties of $10^{-18}$, where full frequency descriptions are far beyond the reach of the SI second. Frequency ratios of such super clocks, on the other hand, are not subject to this limitation. They can therefore verify consistency and overall accuracy for an ensemble of super clocks, an essential step towards a redefinition of the second. However, with the measurement stabilities so far reported for such frequency ratios, a confirmation to $1 \times 10^{-18}$ uncertainty would require an averaging time $τ$ of multiple months. Here we report a measurement of the frequency ratio of neutral ytterbium and strontium clocks with a much improved stability of $4 \times 10^{-16} (τ/s)^{-1/2}$. Enabled by the high stability of optical lattice clocks interrogating hundreds of atoms, this marks a 90-fold reduction in the required averaging time over a previous record-setting experiment that determined the ratio of Al+ and Hg+ single-ion clocks to an uncertainty of $5.2 \times 10^{-17}$. For the Yb/Sr ratio, we find R = 1.207 507 039 343 337 749(55), with a fractional uncertainty of $4.6 \times 10^{-17}$.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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