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arXiv 1510.03490physics.plasm-ph
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电子鞘和预鞘理论

Theory of the Electron Sheath and Presheath

Brett Scheiner, Scott D. Baalrud, Benjamin T. Yee, Matthew M. Hopkins, Edward V. Barnat

摘要:

在收集电子饱和电流的朗缪尔探针附近通常发现电子鞘。常见的假设是,探头收集的随机通量的电子入射鞘,这暗示着没有电子预鞘,收集的通量是由于速度空间截断的电子速度分布函数(EVDF)。这项工作提供了一个专门的理论,电子鞘,这表明他们不是那么简单。受粒子模拟中观察到的EVDFs的启发,建立了电子鞘层和预鞘层的一维模型。在该模型中,在低温等离子体条件下($T_e\gg T_i$),电子压力梯度加速电子在预鞘的流速超过电子热速度在鞘边缘。与响应于电场的弹道运动所产生的流速相比,该压力梯度产生大的流速。据发现,在许多情况下,在共同的等离子体条件下,电子预鞘延伸到更远的等离子体比类似的离子预鞘。PIC模拟表明,在电子预鞘的离子密度是由周围的电子鞘流,这种流动是由于鞘的几何形状的2D方面。模拟结果还表明,存在的离子声波激发的电子和离子之间的差异流动的预鞘,导致鞘边缘的波动。一维模型和时间平均PIC模拟进行了比较,结果表明,该模型提供了一个很好的描述的电子鞘和预鞘。

英文摘要:

Electron sheaths are commonly found near Langmuir probes collecting the electron saturation current. The common assumption is that the probe collects the random flux of electrons incident on the sheath, which tacitly implies that there is no electron presheath and that the flux collected is due to a velocity space truncation of the electron velocity distribution function (EVDF). This work provides a dedicated theory of electron sheaths, which suggests that they are not so simple. Motivated by EVDFs observed in Particle-In-Cell (PIC) simulations, a 1D model for the electron sheath and presheath is developed. In the model, under low temperature plasma conditions ($T_e\gg T_i$), an electron pressure gradient accelerates electrons in the presheath to a flow velocity that exceeds the electron thermal speed at the sheath edge. This pressure gradient generates large flow velocities compared to what would be generated by ballistic motion in response to the electric field. It is found that in many situations, under common plasma conditions, the electron presheath extends much further into the plasma than an analogous ion presheath. PIC simulations reveal that the ion density in the electron presheath is determined by a flow around the electron sheath and that this flow is due to 2D aspects of the sheath geometry. Simulations also indicate the presence of ion acoustic waves excited by the differential flow between electrons and ions in the presheath which result in sheath edge fluctuations. The 1D model and time averaged PIC simulations are compared and it is shown that the model provides a good description of the electron sheath and presheath.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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