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arXiv 1509.04488math.CO
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符号图的循环染色

Circular coloring of signed graphs

Yingli Kang, Eckhard Steffen

摘要:

令$k, d$($2d \leq k)$)是两个正整数。我们推广了研究得很好的概念$(k,d)$ -着色和循环色数$χ_c$的签署图。这意味着一个新的概念,染色的符号图,和相应的色数$χ$。证明了关于有号图的循环染色和循环色数的一些基本事实,并分析了与无号图结果的差异。特别地,我们证明了圈色数与符号图的色数之差至多为1。实际上,有符号图的差为1。另一方面,对于$n$顶点上的符号图,如果差小于1,则存在$ε_n>0$,使得差至多为$1 - ε_n$。我们还证明了$(k,d)$ -着色的概念等价于$r$ -着色(见(X. Zhu,Recent developments in circular coloring of graphs,in Topics in Discrete Mathematics Algorithms and Combinatorics Volume 26,Springer Berlin Heidelberg(2006)497-550).

英文摘要:

Let $k, d$ ($2d \leq k)$ be two positive integers. We generalize the well studied notions of $(k,d)$-colorings and of the circular chromatic number $χ_c$ to signed graphs. This implies a new notion of colorings of signed graphs, and the corresponding chromatic number $χ$. Some basic facts on circular colorings of signed graphs and on the circular chromatic number are proved, and differences to the results on unsigned graphs are analyzed. In particular, we show that the difference between the circular chromatic number and the chromatic number of a signed graph is at most 1. Indeed, there are signed graphs where the difference is 1. On the other hand, for a signed graph on $n$ vertices, if the difference is smaller than 1, then there exists $ε_n>0$, such that the difference is at most $1 - ε_n$. We also show that notion of $(k,d)$-colorings is equivalent to $r$-colorings (see (X. Zhu, Recent developments in circular coloring of graphs, in Topics in Discrete Mathematics Algorithms and Combinatorics Volume 26, Springer Berlin Heidelberg (2006) 497-550)).

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