We show that, given an equation over a finitely generated free group, the set of all solutions in reduced words forms an effectively constructible EDT0L language. In particular, the set of all solutions in reduced words is an indexed language in the sense of Aho. The language characterization we give, as well as further questions about the existence or finiteness of solutions, follow from our explicit construction of a finite directed graph which encodes all the solutions. Our result incorporates the recently invented recompression technique of Jeż, and a new way to integrate solutions of linear Diophantine equations into the process.
As a byproduct of our techniques, we improve the complexity from quadratic nondeterministic space in previous works to $\mathsf{NSPACE}(n\log n)$ here.
Diophantine Geometry over Groups X: The Elementary Theory of Free Products of Groups
本文是第10次在一个序列的结构集的解决方案,系统的方程组,投影等集(丢番图集),和结构的可定义集的几类群体。在第十篇文章中,我们肯定地回答了R. L. Vaught关于初等等价群对的自由积的初等等价性,得到了Tarski关于非交换自由群的初等等价问题的一个推广。最后,我们证明了稳定群的自由积是稳定的,推广了以前关于自由群稳定性的一个结果。
Balogh,Liu,Sharifzadeh和Treglown [Journal of the European Mathematical Society,2018]最近对$\{1, \dots, n\}$的最大无和子集的数量进行了精确的计算,从而回答了Cameron和Erdlens的问题。相比之下,对于有限阿贝尔群的类似问题,我们知道的并不多。在本文中,我们给出了第一个尖锐的结果在这个方向上,确定渐近的最大和自由集的二元和三元空间$\mathbb Z^k_2$和$\mathbb Z^k_3$的数量。我们也取得了进展的猜想Balogh,刘,Sharifzadeh和Treglown关于一个一般的下界的数量最大的和自由集的阿贝尔群的一个固定的顺序。事实上,我们验证了猜想的所有有限的阿贝尔群的循环组件的大小至少为3084。其他相关的结果和开放的问题也被提出。
On the measure of definable sets in profinite groups
Fakultät für Mathematik, Universität Bielefeld(比勒费尔德大学数学学院);Dipartimento di Matematica ‘Ulisse Dini’, Università degli Studi di Firenze(佛罗伦萨大学乌利塞·迪尼数学系)