arXiv 1507.065122015-07astro-ph.GA

金牛座的外流和泡沫：恒星形成反馈足以维持Turbulence

Outflows and Bubbles in Taurus: Star-formation Feedback Sufficient to Maintain Turbulence

Huixian Li, Di Li, Lei Qian, Duo Xu, Paul F. Goldsmith, Alberto Noriega-Crespo, Yuefang Wu, Yuzhe Song, Rendong Nan

备注：: More figures can be found from the link: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015ApJS..219...20L
DOI：: 10.1088/0067-0049/219/2/20

摘要：

根据$\sim 100$ deg $^2$ Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory $^{12}$ CO（1-0）和$^{13}$ CO（1-0）地图以及斯皮策年轻恒星天体目录，我们已经确定了金牛座分子云中的流出物和气泡。在金牛座的主要44度$^2$区域，我们发现了55个外流，其中31个以前未知。我们还在金牛座的整个100度$^2$区域发现了37个气泡，所有这些都是以前没有发现的。确定的外流的总动能估计为$\bf \sim 3.9 \times 10^{45}$ erg，这是\textbf{1\%}的云湍流能量。探测到的气泡的总动能估计为$\sim 9.2 \times 10^{46}$ erg，是金牛座湍流能量的29%。外流的能量注入率为$\bf \sim 1.3 \times 10^{33}~\rm erg\ s^{-1}$，\textbf{0.4 - 2 times}为云湍流的耗散率。气泡的能量注入率为$\sim 6.4 \times 10^{33}$ erg s $^{-1}$，\textbf{2 - 10 times}为云的湍流耗散率。云的引力结合能是$\bf \sim 1.5 \times 10^{48}$ { \bf erg}，\textbf{385}和16倍的能量流出和泡沫，分别。我们的结论是，无论是流出或气泡可以\textbf{provide enough energy to balance the overall gravitational binding energy and the turbulent energy of Taurus. However,}在当前的时代，恒星反馈是足以维持观察到的湍流在金牛座。

英文摘要：

We have identified outflows and bubbles in the Taurus molecular cloud based on the $\sim 100$ deg$^2$ Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory $^{12}$CO(1-0) and $^{13}$CO(1-0) maps and the Spitzer young stellar object catalogs. In the main 44 deg$^2$ area of Taurus we found 55 outflows, of which 31 were previously unknown. We also found 37 bubbles in the entire 100 deg$^2$ area of Taurus, all of which had not been found before. The total kinetic energy of the identified outflows is estimated to be $\bf \sim 3.9 \times 10^{45}$ erg, which is \textbf{1\%} of the cloud turbulent energy. The total kinetic energy of the detected bubbles is estimated to be $\sim 9.2 \times 10^{46}$ erg, which is 29\% of the turbulent energy of Taurus. The energy injection rate from outflows is $\bf \sim 1.3 \times 10^{33}~\rm erg\ s^{-1}$, \textbf{0.4 - 2 times} the dissipation rate of the cloud turbulence. The energy injection rate from bubbles is $\sim 6.4 \times 10^{33}$ erg s$^{-1}$, \textbf{2 - 10 times} the turbulent dissipation rate of the cloud. The gravitational binding energy of the cloud is $\bf \sim 1.5 \times 10^{48}$ {\bf erg}, \textbf{385} and 16 times the energy of outflows and bubbles, respectively. We conclude that neither outflows nor bubbles can \textbf{provide enough energy to balance the overall gravitational binding energy and the turbulent energy of Taurus. However,} in the current epoch, stellar feedback is sufficient to maintain the observed turbulence in Taurus.

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