泡沫破裂：来自泡沫破裂SNe的反馈以及Turbulence和流出之间的权衡
Bursting Bubbles: Feedback from Clustered SNe and the Trade-off Between Turbulence and Outflows
摘要：
我们提出了一个分析模型的星系盘中的超新星（SNe）的反馈，将空间重叠SNe残余物形成的超级气泡的动力学演化。我们提出了两个现实的结果，在银河系磁盘的超级气泡的演变：（1）激波阵面的膨胀速度低于星系盘中ISM的湍流速度色散，于是超级气泡失速并碎裂，将其动量完全沉积在星系盘内，或者（2）超级气泡的尺寸增长到气体尺度高度，爆发出星系盘并驱动星系外流/喷泉。在这两种情况下，我们发现，超级气泡的解体/突破几乎总是发生在最近形成的星团的最后一个II型SN（$\lesssim$ 40百万年）之前，假设一个标准的高端IMF斜率，恒星寿命和质量之间的缩放。这两种情况之间的阈值意味着在驱动星系内湍流的反馈的有效强度上的突破，以及由此导致的尺度变化，例如，恒星形成率与气体表面密度（Kennicutt-Schmidt关系）和星系盘中的恒星形成效率。
英文摘要：
We present an analytic model for clustered supernovae (SNe) feedback in galaxy disks, incorporating the dynamical evolution of superbubbles formed from spatially overlapping SNe remnants. We propose two realistic outcomes for the evolution of superbubbles in galactic disks: (1) the expansion velocity of the shock front falls below the turbulent velocity dispersion of the ISM in the galaxy disk, whereupon the superbubble stalls and fragments, depositing its momentum entirely within the galaxy disk, or (2) the superbubble grows in size to reach the gas scale height, breaking out of the galaxy disk and driving galactic outflows/fountains. In either case, we find that superbubble breakup/breakout almost always occurs before the last Type-II SN ($\lesssim$40 Myr) in the recently formed star cluster, assuming a standard high-end IMF slope, and scalings between stellar lifetimes and masses. The threshold between these two cases implies a break in the effective strength of feedback in driving turbulence within galaxies, and a resulting change in the scalings of, e.g., star formation rates with gas surface density (the Kennicutt-Schmidt relation) and the star formation efficiency in galaxy disks.
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