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arXiv 1507.04063hep-th
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多瞬子的奇异事件和莱夫谢茨顶针的必要性

The curious incident of multi-instantons and the necessity of Lefschetz thimbles

Alireza Behtash, Erich Poppitz, Tin Sulejmanpasic, Mithat Ünsal

摘要:

我们表明,超对称性与精确半经典的兼容性要求在计算多瞬子振幅时,“分离”准零模必须复杂化,积分环必须使用复梯度流(或Picard-Lefschetz方程)。作为一个非平凡的应用,我们研究了$\mathcal N=2$推广的超对称量子力学。即使在这种情况下,超对称性是未破缺的,瞬子-反瞬子振幅(简单计算)似乎对基态能量有贡献。然而,我们表明,瞬子-反瞬子事件由两部分组成:费米子相关事件和标量相关事件。虽然这两个贡献是天真的相同的符号,后者是表面上更高阶的微扰耦合,我们表明,这两个贡献完全取消时,他们被评估Lefschetz顶针由于其相对隐藏的拓扑角(HTAs)。这有力地证明了用Lefschetz顶针进行的半经典展开不仅是高阶半经典的一个有意义的规定,而且是一个必要的规定。这个推论似乎是普遍的,适用于超对称和非超对称理论。总之,我们推测,类似的阴谋是负责不形成某些分子的贡献,在理论中的瞬子有两个以上的费米零模,并没有贡献的超势。

英文摘要:

We show that compatibility of supersymmetry with exact semi-classics demands that in calculating multi-instanton amplitudes, the "separation" quasi-zeromode must be complexified and the integration cycles must be found by using complex gradient flow (or Picard-Lefschetz equations.) As a non-trivial application, we study $\mathcal N=2$ extended supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Even though in this case supersymmetry is unbroken, the instanton-anti-instanton amplitude (naively calculated) seems to contribute to the ground state energy. We show, however, that the instanton-anti-instanton event consists of two parts: a fermion-correlated and a scalar-correlated event. Although both of these contributions are naively of the same sign and the latter is superficially higher order in the perturbative coupling, we show that the two contributions exactly cancel when they are evaluated on Lefschetz thimbles due to their relative Hidden Topological Angles (HTAs). This gives strong evidence that the semi-classical expansion using Lefschetz thimbles is not only a meaningful prescription for higher order semi-classics, but a necessary one. This deduction seems to be universal and applicable to both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric theories. In conclusion we speculate that similar conspiracies are responsible for the non-formation of certain molecular contributions in theories where instantons have more than two fermionic zeromodes and do not contribute to the superpotential.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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