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arXiv 1506.09043astro-ph.EP
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火星大小的行星与地球碰撞形成月球的可能性

On the probability of the collision of a Mars-sized planet with the Earth to form the Moon

Rudolf Dvorak, Birgit Loibnegger, Thomas I. Maindl

摘要:

月球的形成问题至今还没有得到令人满意的解释。虽然这是一个普遍接受的假设,即地球上最后一次巨大的撞击发生在类地行星形成后的大约5000万到1亿年之间,形成了我们的天然卫星,但仍然有许多悬而未决的问题,例如这两个天体的同位素组成是相同的。在我们的研究中,我们将不处理这些化学成分的问题,而是进行纯粹的动力学研究,以找出火星大小的天体在类地行星形成后不久与地球相撞的概率。为此,我们假设在金星和地球之间,分别是地球和火星,与其他类地行星同时形成。我们已经对这样一个有4颗内行星的行星系进行了大规模的n体整合(我们排除了水星,但假设前面提到的另一个天体),时间长达数千万年。我们的研究结果导致的碰撞速度的统计估计,以及碰撞角度,然后将作为进一步调查的基础上,详细的SPH计算。我们发现一个最有可能的起源地球撞击在半长轴约。1.16古猿阿

英文摘要:

The problem of the formation of the Moon is still not explained satisfactorily. While it is a generally accepted scenario that the last giant impact on Earth between some 50 to 100 million years after the starting of the formation of the terrestrial planets formed our natural satellite, there are still many open questions like the isotopic composition which is identical for these two bodies. In our investigation we will not deal with these problems of chemical composition but rather undertake a purely dynamical study to find out the probability of a Mars-sized body to collide with the Earth shortly after the formation of the Earth-like planets. For that we assume an additional massive body between Venus and Earth, respectively Earth and Mars which formed there at the same time as the other terrestrial planets. We have undertaken massive n-body integrations of such a planetary system with 4 inner planets (we excluded Mercury but assumed one additional body as mentioned before) for up to tens of millions of years. Our results led to a statistical estimation of the collision velocities as well as the collision angles which will then serve as the basis of further investigation with detailed SPH computations. We find a most probable origin of the Earth impactor at a semi-major axis of approx. 1.16 AU.

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