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arXiv 1505.02192physics.soc-phcs.SI
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网络上循环状态传染病模型的消息传递方法

A message-passing approach for recurrent-state epidemic models on networks

Munik Shrestha, Samuel V. Scarpino, Cristopher Moore

摘要:

流行病过程是一种常见的非平衡现象,具有广泛的跨学科意义。最近,动态消息传递(DynamicMessage-passing,简称MMS)被提出作为一种有效的算法,用于模拟网络上的流行病模型,特别是用于估计给定节点在特定时间变得具有传染性的概率。到目前为止,该算法仅适用于单向状态变化的模型,而不是像SIS(易感染-易感染)和SIRS(易感染-易感染-恢复-易感染)这样的模型,其中节点可以返回到以前居住的状态。由于许多现实世界中的流行病可以表现出这种经常性的动态,我们提出了一个网络上的复杂的,经常性的流行病模型的递归算法。我们的方法考虑了相邻节点之间的相关性,同时防止因果信号回溯到其直接来源,从而避免了“回声室效应”,即一对相邻节点各自放大另一个节点具有传染性的概率。我们证明,这种方法很好地近似从蒙特卡罗模拟得到的结果,其精度往往优于对近似(也考虑到二阶相关)。此外,我们的方法比对近似更有计算效率,特别是对于复杂的流行病模型:在我们的方法中,变量的数量随着$2mk$的增长而增长,其中$m$是边的数量,$k$是状态的数量,而不是对近似的$mk^2$。我们怀疑,由此产生的计算工作量的减少,以及概念上的简单性,将使它成为一个有用的工具,在流行病建模,特别是推理任务,有一个大的参数空间探索。

英文摘要:

Epidemic processes are common out-of-equilibrium phenomena of broad interdisciplinary interest. Recently, dynamic message-passing (DMP) has been proposed as an efficient algorithm for simulating epidemic models on networks, and in particular for estimating the probability that a given node will become infectious at a particular time. To date, DMP has been applied exclusively to models with one-way state changes, as opposed to models like SIS (susceptible-infectious-susceptible) and SIRS (susceptible-infectious-recovered-susceptible) where nodes can return to previously inhabited states. Because many real-world epidemics can exhibit such recurrent dynamics, we propose a DMP algorithm for complex, recurrent epidemic models on networks. Our approach takes correlations between neighboring nodes into account while preventing causal signals from backtracking to their immediate source, and thus avoids "echo chamber effects" where a pair of adjacent nodes each amplify the probability that the other is infectious. We demonstrate that this approach well approximates results obtained from Monte Carlo simulation and that its accuracy is often superior to the pair approximation (which also takes second-order correlations into account). Moreover, our approach is more computationally efficient than the pair approximation, especially for complex epidemic models: the number of variables in our DMP approach grows as $2mk$ where $m$ is the number of edges and $k$ is the number of states, as opposed to $mk^2$ for the pair approximation. We suspect that the resulting reduction in computational effort, as well as the conceptual simplicity of DMP, will make it a useful tool in epidemic modeling, especially for inference tasks where there is a large parameter space to explore.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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