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arXiv 2306.04733physics.soc-phcs.SI
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群体结构人群中的流行病传播

Epidemic spreading in group-structured populations

Siddharth Patwardhan, Varun K. Rao, Santo Fortunato, Filippo Radicchi

AI总结:

该研究揭示群体结构相关性对流行病传播的影响,并通过优化宿舍分配实现疫情严重程度降低两到五倍。

摘要:

参与共同群体活动或环境的个体——例如,注册同一课程和/或居住在同一宿舍的大学生——会经历反复的身体近距离接触。已知这些接触会介导传染病的传播,然而,传播过程的特性如何由这些反复互动的根源——群体环境的结构及其相互关系所决定,尚不清楚。在此,我们表明,重塑人群中群体的组织方式可以作为一种有效策略来降低疫情的严重程度。具体而言,我们表明,当群体结构充分相关时——例如,两名居住在同一宿舍的学生参加同一课程的可能性足够高——与不相关的群体结构相比,疫情暴发持续时间更长但程度更轻。此外,我们表明,随着群体结构之间相关性的增强,疾病遏制干预措施的有效性也会提高。我们利用印第安纳大学布卢明顿校区学生住宿和出勤数据,证明了我们研究结果的实际相关性。通过根据学生的选课情况适当优化宿舍分配,我们能够观察到模拟流行病过程的严重程度降低两到五倍。

英文摘要:

Individuals involved in common group activities/settings -- e.g., college students that are enrolled in the same class and/or live in the same dorm -- are exposed to recurrent contacts of physical proximity. These contacts are known to mediate the spread of an infectious disease, however, it is not obvious how the properties of the spreading process are determined by the structure of and the interrelation among the group settings that are at the root of those recurrent interactions. Here, we show that reshaping the organization of groups within a population can be used as an effective strategy to decrease the severity of an epidemic. Specifically, we show that when group structures are sufficiently correlated -- e.g., the likelihood for two students living in the same dorm to attend the same class is sufficiently high -- outbreaks are longer but milder than for uncorrelated group structures. Also, we show that the effectiveness of interventions for disease containment increases as the correlation among group structures increases. We demonstrate the practical relevance of our findings by taking advantage of data about housing and attendance of students at the Indiana University campus in Bloomington. By appropriately optimizing the assignment of students to dorms based on their enrollment, we are able to observe a two- to five-fold reduction in the severity of simulated epidemic processes.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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