arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2006.13693q-bio.PEcs.LGphysics.soc-ph
收藏

PECAIQR:一个应用于2019冠状病毒病的传染病模型

PECAIQR: A Model for Infectious Disease Applied to the Covid-19 Epidemic

Richard Bao, August Chen, Jethin Gowda, Shiva Mudide

摘要:

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19,即2019冠状病毒病)疫情表明,有必要改进现代多元时间序列预测模型。目前对未来每日死亡的预测,特别是医院资源使用的预测,置信区间太宽,令人无法接受。政策制定者和医院需要准确的预测,以便在通过立法和分配资源方面做出明智的决定。我们使用美国县级每日死亡数据和人口统计数据来预测未来的死亡人数。我们将SIR流行病学模型扩展到一个新的模型,我们称之为PECAIQR模型。它增加了几个新的变量和参数,天真的SIR模型,考虑到在美国实施的部分recrutining的后果。我们用数值积分将数据拟合到模型参数。由于参数空间中的拟合退化和参数的非常数性质,我们开发了几种方法来优化我们的拟合,例如在数据尾部进行训练和在特定政策制度上进行训练。我们使用交叉验证来调整县级的超参数,并为未来的每日死亡人数生成CDF。对于截至5月25日的训练数据进行的预测,我们在14天的预测中始终获得了0.096的平均弹球损失分数。最后,我们提出了从我们的模型的效用的可能途径的例子。我们在过去的各个1个月窗口中生成更长的时间范围预测,预测各县需要多少医疗资源,如呼吸机和ICU病床,并评估我们的模型在其他国家的有效性。

英文摘要:

The Covid-19 pandemic has made clear the need to improve modern multivariate time-series forecasting models. Current state of the art predictions of future daily deaths and, especially, hospital resource usage have confidence intervals that are unacceptably wide. Policy makers and hospitals require accurate forecasts to make informed decisions on passing legislation and allocating resources. We used US county-level data on daily deaths and population statistics to forecast future deaths. We extended the SIR epidemiological model to a novel model we call the PECAIQR model. It adds several new variables and parameters to the naive SIR model by taking into account the ramifications of the partial quarantining implemented in the US. We fitted data to the model parameters with numerical integration. Because of the fit degeneracy in parameter space and non-constant nature of the parameters, we developed several methods to optimize our fit, such as training on the data tail and training on specific policy regimes. We use cross-validation to tune our hyper parameters at the county level and generate a CDF for future daily deaths. For predictions made from training data up to May 25th, we consistently obtained an averaged pinball loss score of 0.096 on a 14 day forecast. We finally present examples of possible avenues for utility from our model. We generate longer-time horizon predictions over various 1-month windows in the past, forecast how many medical resources such as ventilators and ICU beds will be needed in counties, and evaluate the efficacy of our model in other countries.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑