In this paper we construct free resolutions of certain class of closed subvarieties of affine spaces (the so-called "opposite big cells" of Grassmannians). Our class covers the determinantal varieties, whose resolutions were first constructed by A. Lascoux (Adv. Math., 1978). Our approach uses the geometry of Schubert varieties. An interesting aspect of our work is its connection to the computation of the cohomology of homogeneous bundles (that are not necessarily completely reducible) on partial flag varieties.
This paper studies the singularities of affine Schubert varieties in the affine Grassmannian (of type $\mathrm{A}^{(1)}_\ell$). For two classes of affine Schubert varieties, we determine the singular loci; and for one class, we also determine explicitly the tangent spaces at singular points. For a general affine Schubert variety, we give partial results on the singular locus.
We describe the generic singularity of a Schubert variety of type A on each irreducible component of its singular locus. This singularity is given either by a cone of rank one matrices, or a quadratic cone.
In this paper we construct free resolutions of certain class of closed subvarieties of affine space of symmetric matrices (of a given size). Our class covers the symmetric determinantal varieties (i.e., determinantal varieties in the space of symmetric matrices), whose resolutions were first constructed by Józefiak-Pragacz-Weyman. Our approach follows the techniques developed in Free Resolutions of Some Schubert Singularities by Kummini-Lakshmibai-Sastry-Seshadri, and uses the geometry of Schubert varieties.
We present a combinatorial and computational commutative algebra methodology for studying singularities of Schubert varieties of flag manifolds. We define the combinatorial notion of *interval pattern avoidance*. For "reasonable" invariants P of singularities, we geometrically prove that this governs (1) the P-locus of a Schubert variety, and (2) which Schubert varieties are globally not P. The prototypical case is P="singular"; classical pattern avoidance applies admirably for this choice [Lakshmibai-Sandhya'90], but is insufficient in general. Our approach is analyzed for some common invaria…
This chapter combines an introduction and research survey about Schubert varieties. The theme is to combinatorially classify their singularities using a family of polynomial ideals generated by determinants.
We characterize complete intersection matrix Schubert varieties, generalizing the classical result on one-sided ladder determinantal varieties. We also give a new proof of the F-rationality of matrix Schubert varieties. Although it is known that such varieties are F-regular (hence F-rational) by the global F-regularity of Schubert varieties, our proof is of independent interest since it does not require the Bott-Samelson resolution. As a consequence, this provides an alternative proof of the classical fact that Schubert varieties in flag varieties are normal and have rational singularities.
In this paper we describe the relationship between the finite free resolutions of perfect ideals in split format (for Dynkin formats) and certain intersections of opposite Schubert varieties with the big cell for homogeneous spaces $G/P$ where $P$ is a maximal parabolic subgroup.
Let G be a semi-simple algebraic group over the complex numbers, B a Borel subgroup of G, T a maximal torus in B and P a parabolic in G containing B. This paper deals with singularities of T-stable subvarieties of G/P. It turns out that under the restriction that G doesn't contain any G_2-factors, the key geometric invariant determining the singular T-fixed points of X is the linear span of the reduced tangent cone to X at a T-fixed point x provided the singularity is isolated. The goal of this paper is to describe this invariant at the maximal singular T-fixed points when X is a Schubert vari…
We describe an algorithm which pattern embeds, in the sense of Woo-Yong, any Bruhat interval of a symmetric group into an interval whose extremes lie in the same right Kazhdan-Lusztig cell. This apparently harmless fact has applications in finding examples of reducible associated varieties of $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-highest weight modules, as well as in the study of $W$-graphs for symmetric groups, and in comparing various bases of irreducible representations of the symmetric group or its Hecke algebra. For example, we are able to systematically produce many negative answers to a question from the 1…
We describe the positivity of Thom polynomials of singularities of maps, Lagrangian Thom polynomials and Legendrian Thom polynomials. We show that these positivities come from Schubert calculus.
We use incidence relations running in two directions in order to construct a Kempf-Laksov type resolution for any Schubert variety of the complete flag manifold but also an embedded resolution for any Schubert variety in the Grassmannian. These constructions are alternatives to the celebrated Bott-Samelson resolutions. The second process led to the introduction of W-flag varieties, algebro-geometric objects that interpolate between the standard flag manifolds and products of Grassmannians, but which are singular in general. The surprising simple desingularization of a particular such type of v…
We study the arc space of the Grassmannian from the point of view of the singularities of Schubert varieties. Our main tool is a decomposition of the arc space of the Grassmannian that resembles the Schubert cell decomposition of the Grassmannian itself. Just as the combinatorics of Schubert cells is controlled by partitions, the combinatorics in the arc space is controlled by plane partitions (sometimes also called 3d partitions). A combination of a geometric analysis of the pieces in the decomposition and a combinatorial analysis of plane partitions leads to invariants of the singularities. …
Let $X$ be an equivariant embedding of a connected reductive group $G$ over an algebraically closed field $k$ of positive characteristic. Let $B$ denote a Borel subgroup of $G$. A $G$-Schubert variety in $X$ is a subvariety of the form $\diag(G) \cdot V$, where $V$ is a $B \times B$-orbit closure in $X$. In the case where $X$ is the wonderful compactification of a group of adjoint type, the $G$-Schubert varieties are the closures of Lusztig's $G$-stable pieces. We prove that $X$ admits a Frobenius splitting which is compatible with all $G$-Schubert varieties. Moreover, when $X$ is smooth, proj…
We give a short proof that essentially all questions concerning singularities of Richardson varieties reduce to corresponding questions about Schubert varieties. Consequently, we quickly deduce some new and previously known results.
We explore the relationship between two desingularization techniques for Schubert varieties. The Bott-Samelson resolution is the more common of the two, but it fails to encompass many properties that Hironaka resolutions provide, in particular, being an isomorphism over the smooth locus. Using a computer search, a list of cases where Bott-Samelson resolutions having this "strictness" property is compiled for the $n=5,6$ cases. A conjecture based on these results is formulated and is subsequently verified for $n=7,8$. A comparison between Bott-Samelson resolutions and blow-ups is also provided.
Given a generic map between flagged vector bundles on a Cohen-Macaulay variety, we construct maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules with linear resolutions supported on the Schubert-type degeneracy loci. The linear resolution is provided by the Schubert complex, which is the main tool introduced and studied in this paper. These complexes extend the Schubert functors of Kraśkiewicz and Pragacz, and were motivated by the fact that Schur complexes resolve maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules supported on determinantal varieties. The resulting formula in K-theory provides a "linear approximation" of the structu…
We discuss a method for calculating the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson (CSM) class of a Schubert variety in the Grassmannian using small resolutions introduced by Zelevinsky. As a consequence, we show how to compute the Chern-Mather class and local Euler obstructions using small resolutions instead of the Nash blowup. The algorithm obtained for CSM classes also allows us to prove new cases of a positivity conjecture of Aluffi and Mihalcea.
We express a Schubert expansion of the Chern-Mather class for Schubert varieties in the even orthogonal Grassmannian via integrals involving Pfaffians and pushforward of the small resolutions in the sense of Intersection Cohomology (IH) constructed by Sankaran and Vanchinathan, instead of the Nash blowup. The equivariant localization is employed to show the way of computing the integral. As a byproduct, we present the computations. For analogy and the completion of the method in ordinary Grassmannians, we also suggest Kazhdan-Lusztig classes associated to Schubert varieties in the Lagrangian a…
Given a Schubert variety $\mathcal{S}$ contained in a Grassmannian $\mathbb{G}_{k}(\mathbb{C}^{l})$, we show how to obtain further information on the direct summands of the derived pushforward $R π_{*} \mathbb{Q}_{\tilde{\mathcal{S}}}$ given by the application of the decomposition theorem to a suitable resolution of singularities $π: \tilde{\mathcal{S}} \rightarrow \mathcal{S}$. As a by-product, Poincaré polynomial expressions are obtained along with an algorithm which computes the unknown terms in such expressions and which shows that the actual number of direct summands happens to be less th…
We determine explicitly the irreducible components of the singular locus of any Schubert variety for GL_n(K), K being an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic. We also describe the generic singularities along these components. The case of covexillary Schubert varieties was solved in an earlier work of the author [Ann. Inst. Fourier vol. 51 fasc. 2 (2001), 375-393]. Here, we first exhibit some irreducible components of the singular locus of X_w, by describing the generic singularity along each of them. Let S_w be the union of these components. As mentioned above, the equality S…
In this paper, we describe on the one hand, all relative minimal models Y of a minuscule Schubert variety X using some combinatorics on quivers and we prove that the morphism from Y to X is small (in the sense of intersection cohomology). On the other hand, thanks to a result of B. Totaro, any small resolution Z of a minuscule Schubert variety X has to be a relative minimal model of X. So X admits a small resolution if and only if there exists a smooth relative minimal model Y of X. We give a combinatoric criterion for Y to be smooth describing in this way all small resolutions of X. We also u…
We study exceptional minuscule Schubert varieties and provide the defining equations of the defining ideals of their intersection with the big open cell. We also provide the resolutions of these ideals and characterize some of them in terms of fundamental examples of ideals in the theory of Gorenstein ideals.
Let $X^v_w$ be a Richardson variety in the full flag variety $X$ associated to a symmetrizable Kac-Moody group $G$. Recall that $X^v_w$ is the intersection of the finite dimensional Schubert variety $X_w$ with the finite codimensional opposite Schubert variety $X^v$. We give an explicit $\bQ$-divisor $Δ$ on $X^v_w$ and prove that the pair $(X^v_w, Δ)$ has Kawamata log terminal singularities. In fact, $-K_{X^v_w} - Δ$ is ample, which additionally proves that $(X^v_w, Δ)$ is log Fano. We first give a proof of our result in the finite case (i.e., in the case when $G$ is a finite dimensional semis…
For the toric variety X associated to the Bruhat poset of Schubert varieties in the Grassmannian, we describe the singular locus in terms of the faces of the associated polyhedral cone. We also determine the tangent cones at the maximal singularities of X. These turn out to be again toric varieties. In the case of X being associated to the Bruhat poset of Schubert varieties in the Grassmannian of 2-planes in a n-dimensional vector space (over the base field), we also prove a certain product formula relating the multiplicities at certain singular points.
We study the geometry of equivariant, proper maps from homogeneous bundles $G\times_P V$ over flag varieties $G/P$ to representations of $G$, called collapsing maps. Kempf showed that, provided the bundle is completely reducible, the image $G\cdot V$ of a collapsing map has rational singularities in characteristic zero. We extend this result to positive characteristic and show that for the analogous bundles the saturation $G\cdot V$ is strongly $F$-regular if its coordinate ring has a good filtration. We further show that in this case the images of collapsing maps of homogeneous bundles restri…
Based on recent advances on the relation between geometry and representation theory, we propose a new approach to elliptic Schubert calculus. We study the equivariant elliptic characteristic classes of Schubert varieties of the generalized full flag variety $G/B$. For this first we need to twist the notion of elliptic characteristic class of Borisov-Libgober by a line bundle, and thus allow the elliptic classes to depend on extra variables. Using the Bott-Samelson resolution of Schubert varieties we prove a BGG-type recursion for the elliptic classes, and study the Hecke algebra of our ellipti…
Following Contou-Carrere [CC], we consider the Bott-Samelson resolution of a Schubert variety as a variety of galleries in the Tits building associated to the situation. We prove that the rational smoothness of a Schubert variety can be expressed in terms of a subspace of the Zariski tangent space called, the combinatorial tangent space. For this, we use a characterization of rational smoothness of a Schubert variety introduced by Carrell and Peterson [CP].
Restriction varieties in the orthogonal Grassmannian are subvarieties of $OG(k, n)$ defined by rank conditions given by a flag that is not necessarily isotropic with respect to the relevant symmetric bilinear form. In particular, Schubert varieties of Type B and D are examples of restriction varieties. In this paper, we introduce a resolution of singularities for restriction varieties in $OG(k, n)$, and give a description of their singular locus by studying components of the exceptional locus of the resolution.
We describe a closed immersion from each representation space of a type A quiver with bipartite (i.e., alternating) orientation to a certain opposite Schubert cell of a partial flag variety. This "bipartite Zelevinsky map" restricts to an isomorphism from each orbit closure to a Schubert variety intersected with the above-mentioned opposite Schubert cell. For type A quivers of arbitrary orientation, we give the same result up to some factors of general linear groups. These identifications allow us to recover results of Bobinski and Zwara; namely we see that orbit closures of type A quivers are…
Let $G$ denote an adjoint semi-simple group over an algebraically closed field and $T$ a maximal torus of $G$. Following Contou-Carrère [CC], we consider the Bott-Samelson resolution of a Schubert variety as a variety of galleries in the building associated to the group $G$. We first determine a cellular decomposition of this variety analogous to the Bruhat decomposition of a Schubert variety and then we describe the fibre of this resolution above a $T-$fixed point.
We obtain new connections between permutation patterns and singularities of Schubert varieties, by giving a new characterization of Gorenstein varieties in terms of so called bivincular patterns. These are generalizations of classical patterns where conditions are placed on the location of an occurrence in a permutation, as well as on the values in the occurrence. This clarifies what happens when the requirement of smoothness is weakened to factoriality and further to Gorensteinness, extending work of Bousquet-Melou and Butler (2007), and Woo and Yong (2006). We also show how mesh patterns, in…
We classify all Q-factorializations of (co)minuscule Schubert varieties by using their Mori dream space structure. As a corollary we obtain a description of all IH-small resolutions of (co)minuscule Schubert varieties generalizing results of Perrin. We improve his results by including algebraically closed fields of positive characteristic and cominuscule Schubert varieties. Moreover, the use of Q-factorializations and Mori dream spaces simplifies the arguments substantially.
We give a short and self-contained proof of the Decomposition Theorem for the non-small resolution of a Special Schubert variety. We also provide an explicit description of the perverse cohomology sheaves. As a by-product of our approach, we obtain a simple proof of the Relative Hard Lefschetz Theorem.
Let g be a semi-simple Lie algebra. In this paper we study the spaces of based quasi-maps from the projective line P^1 to the flag variety of g (it is well-known that their singularities are supposed to model the singularities of the so called semi-infinite Schubert varieties which are hard to define directly). In the first part of the paper we show that the above spaces are normal and in the case when g is simply laced they are also Gorenstein and have rational singularities. In the second part of the paper we compute the character of the ring of functions on the above spaces; in view of the …
The product of two Schubert classes in the quantum K-theory ring of a homogeneous space X = G/P is a formal power series with coefficients in the Grothendieck ring of algebraic vector bundles on X. We show that if X is cominuscule, then this power series has only finitely many non-zero terms. The proof is based on a geometric study of boundary Gromov-Witten varieties in the Kontsevich moduli space, consisting of stable maps to X that take the marked points to general Schubert varieties and whose domains are reducible curves of genus zero. We show that all such varieties have rational singulari…
We prove a local theorem on simultaneous resolution of singularities, which is valid in all dimensions. This theorem is proven in dimension 2 (and in all characteristics) by Abhyankar in his book "Ramification theoretic methods in algebraic geometry".
We prove a conjecture of A. S. Buch concerning the structure constants of the Grothendieck ring of a flag variety with respect to its basis of Schubert structure sheaves. For this, we show that the coefficients in this basis of the structure sheaf of any subvariety with rational singularities, have alternating signs. Equivalently, the class of the dualizing sheaf of such a subvariety is a nonnegative combination of classes of dualizing sheaves of Schubert varieties.
In 2009, de Fernex and Hacon proposed a generalization of the notion of the singularities to normal varieties that are not Q-Gorenstein. Based on their work, we generalize Kleiman's transversality theorem to subvarieties with log terminal or log canonical singularities. We also show that some classical varieties, such as generic determinantal varieties, W^r_d for general smooth curves, and certain Schubert varieties in G(k, n) are log terminal.
We prove that the prime torsion in the local integral intersection cohomology of Schubert varieties in the flag variety of the general linear group grows exponentially in the rank. The idea of the proof is to find a highly singular point in a Schubert variety and calculate the Euler class of the normal bundle to the (miraculously smooth) fibre in a particular Bott-Samelson resolution. The result is a geometric version of an earlier result established using Soergel bimodule techniques.
We obtain two combinatorial results: an equality of Weyl groups and an inequality of roots, in the setting of generalised Bott-Samelson resolutions of minuscule Schubert varieties. These results are used in the companion paper [BK19] to describe minimal rational curves on these resolutions, and their relation to lines on the Schubert varieties.
We use Bott-Samelson resolutions of Schubert varieties in Grassmannians along with equiariant localization techniques to show that the factorial Schur functions and the factorial Grothendieck polynomials represent Schubert classes in equivariant cohomology and equivariant K-theory respectively.
We prove that, defined with respect to versal flags, the product of two relative Bott-Samelson varieties over the flag bundle is a resolution of singularities of a relative Richardson variety. This result generalizes Brion's resolution of singularities of Richardson varieties to the relative setting. It reflects the phenomenon that the local geometry of a relative Richardson variety is completely governed by the two intersecting relative Schubert varieties, studied by Chan-Pflueger. We also prove an analogous theorem in the case of relative Grassmannian Richardson varieties, thereby furnishing…
In this paper a concise, complete proof of resolution of singularities of 3-folds in positive characteristic (>5) is given. The first proof of this theorem was given by Abhyankar in 1966. The resolution morphism in our proof is an isomorphism over the nonsingular locus.
The article investigates the behaviour of the characteristic zero resolution invariant when transcribed suitably to the case of surfaces in positive characteristic. By Moh's jumping phenomenon -- or the occurrence of kangaroo singularities -- one knows that the invariant may increase, thus destroying any induction. We describe in the paper how one can modify in the purely inseparable surface case the invariant by adding a subtle correction term so as to prohibit its occasional increases and to establish the induction argument again.
We investigate families of minimal rational curves on Schubert varieties, their Bott-Samelson desingularizations, and their generalizations constructed by Nicolas Perrin in the minuscule case. In particular, we describe the minimal families on small resolutions of minuscule Schubert varieties.
Let $X$ be a complex, irreducible, quasi-projective variety, and $π:\widetilde X\to X$ a resolution of singularities of $X$. Assume that the singular locus ${\text{Sing}}(X)$ of $X$ is smooth, that the induced map $π^{-1}({\text{Sing}}(X))\to {\text{Sing}}(X)$ is a smooth fibration admitting a cohomology extension of the fiber, and that $π^{-1}({\text{Sing}}(X))$ has a negative normal bundle in $\widetilde X$. We present a very short and explicit proof of the Decomposition Theorem for $π$, providing a way to compute the intersection cohomology of $X$ by means of the cohomology of $\widetilde X…
Richardson varieties play an important role in intersection theory and in the geometric interpretation of the Littlewood-Richardson Rule for flag varieties. We discuss three natural generalizations of Richardson varieties which we call projection varieties, intersection varieties, and rank varieties. In many ways, these varieties are more fundamental than Richardson varieties and are more easily amenable to inductive geometric constructions. In this paper, we study the singularities of each type of generalization. Like Richardson varieties, projection varieties are normal with rational singula…
Vakil studied the intersection theory of Schubert varieties in the Grassmannian in a very direct way: he degenerated the intersection of a Schubert variety X_mu and opposite Schubert variety X^nu to a union {X^lambda}, with repetition. This degeneration proceeds in stages, and along the way he met a collection of more complicated subvarieties, which he identified as the closures of certain locally closed sets. We show that Vakil's varieties are _positroid varieties_, which in particular shows they are normal, Cohen-Macaulay, have rational singularities, and are defined by the vanishing of Plüc…
This paper is the first in a series that describe a conjectural analog of the geometric Satake isomorphism for an affine Kac-Moody group. In this paper we construct a model for the singularities of some would-be Schubert varieties in the affine Grassmannian for an affine Kac-Moody group. We formulate a conjecture describing the (local) intersection cohomology of these varieties in terms of integrable representations of the Langlands dual affine Kac-Moody group and check this conjecture in a number of cases. Roughly speaking the above singularities are constructed by looking at the Uhlenbeck sp…
Beijing Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Applications（北京数学与应用数学研究所）；Massachusetts Institute of Technology（麻省理工学院）；National Research University Higher School of Economics（国立高等经济大学）；Yau Mathematical Sciences Center, Tsinghua University（清华大学丘成桐数学科学中心）
Let X be a minuscule Schubert variety and $α$ a class of 1-cycle on X. In this article we describe the irreducible components of the scheme of morphisms of class $α$ from a rational curve to X. The irreducible components are described in the following way : the class $α$ can be seen as an element of $Pic(X)^*$ the dual of the Picard group. Because any Weil-divisor need not to be a Cartier-divisor, there is (only) a surjective map $s:A^1(X)^*\to Pic(X)^*$ from the dual of the group of codimension 1 cycles to the dual of the Picard group. The irreducible components are given by the effective ele…
We give some necessary conditions for the existence of a symplectic resolution for quotient singularities. The McKay correspondence is also worked out for these resolutions.
