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arXiv 1503.07733cond-mat.supr-con
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超导体中振幅(Higgs)模的非相对论动力学

Non-relativistic dynamics of the amplitude (Higgs) mode in superconductors

T. Cea, C. Castellani, G. Seibold, L. Benfatto

摘要:

尽管形式上与希格斯粒子类似,但弱耦合超导体中序参量的振幅起伏并不能确定一个具有洛伦兹不变动力学的实模。事实上,它的共振发生在$2Δ_0$,这与准粒子激发的阈值$2E_{gap}$相一致,准粒子激发破坏了任何相对论动力学。在这里,我们调查的命运的希格斯模式在非常规的情况下,$2E_{gap}$变得大于$2Δ_0$,由于强耦合或强无序。我们表明,也在这种情况下的振幅波动从来没有确定一个真正的模式在$2Δ_0$,因为这样的“玻色子”的限制总是通过一个强混合的相位波动,占主导地位的低能量部分的频谱。我们的研究结果对无序超导体的亚能隙光吸收的解释有直接的意义。

英文摘要:

Despite the formal analogy with the Higgs particle, the amplitude fluctuations of the order parameter in weakly-coupled superconductors do not identify a real mode with a Lorentz-invariant dynamics. Indeed, its resonance occurs at $2Δ_0$, which coincides with the threshold $2E_{gap}$ for quasiparticle excitations, that spoil any relativistic dynamics. Here we investigate the fate of the Higgs mode in the unconventional case where $2E_{gap}$ becomes larger than $2Δ_0$, as due to strong coupling or strong disorder. We show that also in this situation the amplitude fluctuations never identify a real mode at $2Δ_0$, since such "bosonic" limit is always reached via a strong mixing with the phase fluctuations, which dominate the low-energy part of the spectrum. Our results have direct implications for the interpretation of the sub-gap optical absorption in disordered superconductors.

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