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arXiv 2107.07488cond-mat.supr-concond-mat.str-el
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太赫兹波drivenNbN超导体中的瞬态Higgs振荡和高阶非线性光-Higgs耦合

Transient Higgs oscillations and high-order nonlinear light-Higgs coupling in terahertz-wave drivenNbN superconductor

Z. X. Wang, J. R. Xue, H. K. Shi, X. Q. Jia, T. Lin, L. Y. Shi, T. Dong, F. Wang, N. L. Wang

摘要:

研究了超导NbN薄膜在强太赫兹波作用下的非线性光学响应。除了预期的三次谐波外,我们还观察到一种新的瞬态振荡,它的频率随着温度的升高而向超导转变温度Tc软化。我们把这种新的模式确定为希格斯瞬态振荡。为了验证这一设想,我们引入了一种时频分辨技术,称为频谱图,用于太赫兹光谱的可视化。观察到了该模式的动态衰减行为,这与理论预期的内禀Higgs振荡相一致。此外,我们还首次观察到了高阶非线性光学效应,即五次谐波产生,并将其归因于Higgs模与电磁场的高阶耦合。

英文摘要:

We study the nonlinear optical response in a superconducting NbN thin film with strong terahertz (THz)wave. Besides the expected third harmonic generation, we observe a new transient oscillation which softensin frequency with temperature increasing towards superconducting transition temperatureTc. We identify thisnew mode as the Higgs transient oscillation. To verify this proposal, we introduce a time-frequency resolvedtechnique, named spectrogram for visualizing THz spectrum. The dynamic decaying behavior of the mode isobserved, which is consistent with theoretical expectation about intrinsic Higgs oscillation. Moreover, a higherorder nonlinear optics effect,i.e.fifth harmonic generation, has been observed for the first time, which we assignto the higher order coupling between Higgs mode and electromagn

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