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arXiv 1206.0400cond-mat.supr-con
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D波超导体中的希格斯玻色子玻色子

Higgs Bosons in D-wave Superconductors

Yafis Barlas, C. M. Varma

摘要:

“对称性破缺”的概念,即真空的对称性可能低于量子理论的哈密顿量,在现代物理学中起着重要的作用。这种现象的一个表现是粒子物理学中的希格斯玻色子,人们期待已久的发现即将到来。超导体中的一个等效模式隐含在它们的集体涨落的早期理论中。在某些神秘的实验结果的刺激下,明确地提出了与s波超导体中的Higgs模等价的超导序参量振幅振荡的理论及其在实验中的识别。它还表明,发生这种情况的必要条件是在超导状态的紧急洛伦兹不变性,而金属状态和区域下面的$T_c$是明显的非洛伦兹不变性。在这里,我们表明,d波超导体,如高温铜氧化物超导体,应该有丰富的各种各样的希格斯玻色子玻色子,每一个在一个不同的不可约表示的点群对称的晶格。我们还表明,这些模式有一个独特的奇异光谱结构,可以发现在拉曼散射实验。

英文摘要:

The concept of "broken symmetry", that the symmetry of the vacuum may be lower than the Hamiltonian of a quantum theory, plays an important role in modern physics. A manifestation of this phenomena is the Higgs boson in particle physics whose long awaited discovery is imminent. An equivalent mode in superconductors is implicit in the early theories of their collective fluctuations. Spurred by some mysterious experimental results, the theory of the oscillation of the amplitude of superconductivity order parameter, which is the equivalent to the Higgs modes in s-wave superconductors and its identification in the experiments, was explicitly provided. It was also shown that a necessary condition for this to occur is the emergent Lorentz invariance in the superconducting state while the metallic state and the region just below $T_c$ is manifestly non-Lorentz invariant. Here we show that d-wave superconductors, such as the high temperature Cuprate superconductors, should have a rich assortment of Higgs bosons, each in a different irreducible representation of the point-group symmetries of the lattice. We also show that these modes have a characteristic singular spectral structure which can be discovered in Raman scattering experiments.

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