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arXiv 1503.04164astro-ph.SR
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光谱型G和K候选超高速星的再研究

Candidate hypervelocity stars of spectral type G and K revisited

E. Ziegerer, M. Volkert, U. Heber, A. Irrgang, B. T. Gaensicke, S. Geier

摘要:

超高速恒星(HVS)移动得如此之快,以至于它们与银河系没有联系。当它们在2005年首次被发现时,来自银河系中心(GC)的超大质量黑洞(SMBH)的动力喷射被认为是它们的起源。今天已知的24颗恒星是年轻的大质量B星,大多数是3-4个太阳质量。最近,在Segue G和K矮星样品中发现了20个低质量的HVS候选者,但没有一个起源于GC。我们开始使用基于新的自行测量的完整6D相空间信息对Segue HVS候选样本进行运动学分析。它们的轨道特性可以通过在我们银河系的不同质量模型中追溯它们的轨道来推导。我们提出了14个候选HVSs的结果,适当的运动测量是可能的。显着较低的自行比在以前的研究中发现的派生。考虑到三种不同的银河系质量模型,我们发现所有的恒星都被束缚在银河系中。我们确认这些恒星不是起源于GC。它们的自行和径向速度的分布与双星超新星机制从银河系盘中弹射出的逃逸恒星的预测是一致的。然而,他们的运动学也与旧的磁盘成员一致。此外,大多数恒星具有相当低的金属丰度和强烈的$α$ -元素富集,这是厚盘和晕星的典型特征,而三颗金属丰度最高的恒星可能表明它们是薄盘的逃逸星。一颗星显示晕轮运动学。

英文摘要:

Hypervelocity stars (HVS) move so fast that they are unbound to the Galaxy. When they were first discovered in 2005, dynamical ejection from the supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the Galactic Centre (GC) was suggested as their origin. The two dozen HVSs known today are young massive B stars, mostly of 3-4 solar masses. Recently, 20 HVS candidates of low mass were discovered in the Segue G and K dwarf sample, but none of them originates from the GC. We embarked on a kinematic analysis of the Segue HVS candidate sample using the full 6D phase space information based on new proper motion measurements. Their orbital properties can then be derived by tracing back their trajectories in different mass models of our Galaxy. We present the results for 14 candidate HVSs, for which proper motion measurements were possible. Significantly lower proper motions than found in the previous study were derived. Considering three different Galactic mass models we find that all stars are bound to the Galaxy. We confirm that the stars do not originate from the GC. The distribution of their proper motions and radial velocities is consistent with predictions for runaway stars ejected from the Galactic disk by the binary supernova mechanism. However, their kinematics are also consistent with old disk membership. Moreover, most stars have rather low metallicities and strong $α$-element enrichment as typical for thick disk and halo stars, whereas the metallicity of the three most metal-rich stars could possibly indicate that they are runaway stars from the thin disk. One star shows halo kinematics.

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