TESS观测到的行星状星云：来自第1至第4周期的新的及重新审视的短周期双星中心星候选体
Planetary nebulae seen with TESS: New and revisited short-period binary central star candidates from Cycles 1 to 4
AI总结：
本研究利用TESS高精度光变曲线分析62颗行星状星云中心星，通过考虑反射、椭球调制和Doppler集束的MCMC建模，提出18颗新的短周期双星候选体并重新审视8颗已知双星。
摘要：
诸如Kepler或TESS之类的高精度、高 cadence 测光巡天，不仅在探测新的太阳系外行星方面取得了巨大进展，而且在研究大量变星方面也是如此。行星状星云（PNe）的中心星正是这种情况，它们同样受益于这些任务的能力，增加了已知双星中心星的数量，并帮助我们约束双星性与其宿主PNe复杂形态之间的关系。在本文中，我们分析了一个大型PNe中心星样本的TESS光变曲线，旨在探测可能暗示存在短周期双星核的变率迹象。我们分析了62颗真实、可能或潜在PNe的中心星，并通过MCMC方法对探测到的变率进行建模，该方法考虑了三种效应：反射、椭球调制和Doppler集束。在62颗中心星中，仅有38颗适合本研究。其余24颗受到邻近源的严重污染，无法进行最佳分析。此外，有8个目标是已知的双星中心星，我们在此利用TESS数据的新高精度对其进行重新审视。另外，我们发现还有18颗中心星在TESS数据中表现出明显的周期性变率迹象，这可能源于与双星情形相容的不同物理效应。我们将它们提名为新的双星中心星候选体。我们还使用TESS_localize算法讨论了每个具体案例中探测到的变率的起源。最后，在TESS的灵敏度下，12个目标没有变率证据或仅有微弱证据。我们的研究证明了天基测光巡天在搜寻PNe中心星的近距双星伴星方面的强大能力。
英文摘要：
High-precision and high-cadence photometric surveys such as Kepler or TESS are making huge progress not only in the detection of new extrasolar planets but also in the study of a great number of variable stars. This is the case for central stars of planetary nebulae (PNe), which have similarly benefited from the capabilities of these missions, increasing the number of known binary central stars and helping us to constrain the relationship between binarity and the complex morphologies of their host PNe. In this paper, we analyse the TESS light curves of a large sample of central stars of PNe with the aim of detecting signs of variability that may hint at the presence of short-period binary nuclei. We analysed 62 central stars of true, likely, or possible PNe and modelled the detected variability through an MCMC approach accounting for three effects: reflection, ellipsoidal modulations, and Doppler beaming. Among the 62 central stars, only 38 are amenable for this study. The remaining 24 show large contamination from nearby sources preventing an optimal analysis. Also, eight targets are already known binary central stars, which we revisit here with the new high precision of the TESS data. In addition, we find that 18 further central stars show clear signs of periodic variability in the TESS data, probably resulting from different physical effects compatible with the binary scenario. We propose them as new candidate binary central stars. We also discuss the origin of the detected variability in each particular case by using the TESS_localize algorithm. Finally, 12 targets show no or only weak evidence of variability at the sensitivity of TESS. Our study demonstrates the power of space-based photometric surveys in searching for close binary companions of central stars of PNe.
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