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arXiv 1503.02999math.AP
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二维Hénon型方程径向结点解的Morse指数

Morse index of radial nodal solutions of Hénon type equations in dimension two

Ederson Moreira dos Santos, Filomena Pacella

摘要:

考虑\[ -Δu = |x|^α f(u), \ \ x \in Ω, \ \ u=0 \quad \text{on} \ \ \partial Ω, \]型非自治半线性椭圆方程,其中$Ω\subset {\mathbb R}^2$是以原点为中心的球或环,$α>0$和$f: {\mathbb R}\ \rightarrow {\mathbb R}$是${\mathbb R}$的有界集上的$C^{1, β}$.我们解决的问题,估计莫尔斯指数$m(u)$的符号变化的径向解决方案$u$。我们证明了$m(u) \geq 3$对每个$α>0$和$m(u)\geq α+ 3$,如果$α$是偶数。如果$f$是超线性的,则先前的估计分别变为$m(u) \geq n(u)+2$和$m(u) \geq α+ n(u)+2$,其中$n(u)$表示$u$的节点集的数目,即$\{ x\in Ω; u(x) \neq 0\}$的连通分量的数目。因此,每个最小能量节点解$u_α$不是径向对称的,并且$m(u_α) \rightarrow + \infty$是沿着偶数指数序列$α$的$α\rightarrow + \infty$。

英文摘要:

We consider non-autonomous semilinear elliptic equations of the type \[ -Δu = |x|^α f(u), \ \ x \in Ω, \ \ u=0 \quad \text{on} \ \ \partial Ω, \] where $Ω\subset {\mathbb R}^2$ is either a ball or an annulus centered at the origin, $α>0$ and $f: {\mathbb R}\ \rightarrow {\mathbb R}$ is $C^{1, β}$ on bounded sets of ${\mathbb R}$. We address the question of estimating the Morse index $m(u)$ of a sign changing radial solution $u$. We prove that $m(u) \geq 3$ for every $α>0$ and that $m(u)\geq α+ 3$ if $α$ is even. If $f$ is superlinear the previous estimates become $m(u) \geq n(u)+2$ and $m(u) \geq α+ n(u)+2$, respectively, where $n(u)$ denotes the number of nodal sets of $u$, i.e. of connected components of $\{ x\in Ω; u(x) \neq 0\}$. Consequently, every least energy nodal solution $u_α$ is not radially symmetric and $m(u_α) \rightarrow + \infty$ as $α\rightarrow + \infty$ along the sequence of even exponents $α$.

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