arXiv 1502.050972015-02-18quant-ph

量子超冷原子电子

Quantum ultra-cold atomtronics

M. K. Olsen, A. S. Bradley

备注：: 12 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev A
DOI：: 10.1103/PhysRevA.91.043635

摘要：

众所周知，半经典分析并不总是适合于原子电子学器件，但完全量子分析往往是必要的，以作出可靠的预测。虽然使用密度矩阵可以处理在少量位置处的少量原子，但是当系统变得更大时，完全量子分析通常不是直接的。我们表明，全量子正P表示是一个可行的计算工具。我们假设一个原子电子相位门组成的四个井在一个玻色-哈伯德配置，其中的半经典动力学是可控的使用在一个井中的原子模式的相位。我们表明，该设备的性能的正P表示的量子预测有半经典的关系不大，和性能显着依赖于实际的量子态的初始占用模式。我们发现，初始相干态导致最接近经典动力学，但初始Fock态给出的结果是相当不同的。完全的量子分析也为深入的量子原子电子学打开了大门，其中纠缠和EPR（Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen）转向等特性成为设备的有价值的技术特性。

英文摘要：

It is known that a semi-classical analysis is not always adequate for atomtronics devices, but that a fully quantum analysis is often necessary to make reliable predictions. While small numbers of atoms at a small number of sites are tractable using the density matrix, a fully quantum analysis is often not straightforward as the system becomes larger. We show that the fully quantum positive-P representation is then a viable calculational tool. We postulate an atomtronic phase-gate consisting of four wells in a Bose-Hubbard configuration, for which the semi-classical dynamics are controllable using the phase of the atomic mode in one of the wells. We show that the quantum predictions of the positive-P representation for the performance of this device have little relation to those found semi-classically, and that the performance depends markedly on the actual quantum states of the initially occupied modes. We find that initial coherent states lead to closest to classical dynamics, but that initial Fock states give results that are quite different. A fully quantum analysis also opens the door for deeply quantum atomtronics, in which properties such as entanglement and EPR (Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) steering become valuable technical properties of a device.

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