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arXiv 1502.04835astro-ph.GA
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原恒星包层的热结构

Thermal structure of a protostellar envelope

Ya. N. Pavlyuchenkov, A. G. Zhilkin, E. I. Vorobyov, A. M. Fateeva

摘要:

球对称坍缩云演化的数值流体动力学模型,设计用于计算这些物体在其演化的星前和原恒星阶段的热结构,提出。该模型的显著特点包括可以独立地描述气体和尘埃的温度,这在计算星前云和原恒星云的热结构以及计算来自中央原恒星的辐射通量时非常重要。这个模型是用来比较的理论密度和温度分布与附近的恒星形成的赫歇尔空间天文台获得的网站的观测。应用带通量限制器的扩散近似能较好地描述原恒星云的径向密度和温度分布。然而,显着差异的模型和观测的密度分布被发现为星前阶段,这表明存在明显的偏离平衡的星前云。提出了一种基于自适应$τ$近似的云热结构近似计算方法。应用的$τ$ -近似产生良好的协议与星前阶段的扩散近似,但产生明显的差异为原恒星阶段,当吸积信封的热结构是由原恒星的辐射。

英文摘要:

A numerical hydrodynamical model for the evolution of spherically symmetric collapsing clouds, designed for the calculation of the thermal structure of these objects in both the prestellar and protostellar stages of their evolution, is presented. Distinctive features of the model include the possibility of independently describing the temperatures of the gas and dust, which is extremely important when calculating the thermal structure of prestellar and protostellar clouds, and the account of the radiation flux from the central protostar. This model is used to compare the theoretical density and temperature distributions with observations for nearby sites of star formation obtained with the Herschel Space Observatory. Application of the diffusion approximation with a flux limiter describes well the radial density and temperature distributions in protostellar clouds. However, significant differences between the model and observational density profiles were found for prestellar stages, suggesting the presence of appreciable deviations from equilibrium in the prestellar clouds. An approximate method for calculating the thermal structure of a cloud based on the adaptive $τ$-approximation is presented. Application of the $τ$-approximation yields good agreement with the diffusion approximation for the prestellar phase, but produces appreciable discrepancies for the protostellar phase, when the thermal structure of the accreting envelope is determined by the radiation of the protostar.

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