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arXiv 1502.04133astro-ph.GA
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一个低效的矮星:小熊座矮球状星系的化学丰度和演化

An inefficient dwarf: Chemical abundances and the evolution of the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy

Ugur Ural, Gabriele Cescutti, Andreas Koch, Jan Kleyna, Sofia Feltzing, Mark I. Wilkinson

摘要:

我们提出了详细的化学元素丰度比的17种元素在三个金属贫恒星的小熊座矮球状星系,我们结合现有的数据从文献中评估的一套新的星系化学演化模型的预测。用Keck/HIRES仪器获得的光谱数据显示[Fe/H]=-2.12、-2.13和-2.67 dex的低金属丰度。虽然我们样本中最缺乏金属的恒星显示出[Mn/Fe]和其他Fe峰元素的过剩,但我们的总体发现与之前对该星系的研究一致:[α/Fe]比值升高,与晕值相似或仅略低于晕值,但在金属丰度极低时具有超新星Ia富集,以及随着金属丰度的降低,第一峰值中子俘获元素与第二峰值中子俘获元素的比率[Y/Ba]增加。根据dSph的金属丰度分布函数设计的化学演化模型表明,UMi有一个延长的恒星形成过程,持续了近5 Gyr,效率较低,并且能够首次解释低金属丰度下的[Y/Ba]增强。特别是,我们表明,目前缺乏气体可能是由于气体从系统中,我们的模型风的持续损失。

英文摘要:

We present detailed chemical element abundance ratios of 17 elements in three metal poor stars in the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, which we combine with extant data from the literature to assess the predictions of a novel suite of galaxy chemical evolution models. The spectroscopic data were obtained with the Keck/HIRES instrument and revealed low metallicities of [Fe/H]=-2.12, -2.13 and -2.67 dex. While the most metal poor star in our sample shows an overabundance of [Mn/Fe] and other Fe-peak elements, our overall findings are in agreement with previous studies of this galaxy: elevated values of the [alpha/Fe] ratios that are similar to, or only slightly lower than, the halo values but with SN Ia enrichment at very low metallicity, as well as an enhancement of the ratio of first to second peak neutron capture elements [Y/Ba] with decreasing metallicity. The chemical evolution models which were tailored to reproduce the metallicity distribution function of the dSph, indicate that UMi had an extended star formation which lasted nearly 5 Gyr with low efficiency and are able to explain the [Y/Ba] enhancement at low metallicity for the first time. In particular, we show that the present day lack of gas is probably due to continuous loss of gas from the system, which we model as winds.

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