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arXiv 1302.3230astro-ph.GAastro-ph.CO
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超暗矮球状星系大熊座I中的变星

Variable stars in the ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal galaxy Ursa Major I

Alessia Garofalo, Felice Cusano, Gisella Clementini, Vincenzo Ripepi, Massimo Dall'Ora, Maria Ida Moretti, Giuseppina Coppola, Ilaria Musella, Marcella Marconi

摘要:

我们对大熊座I(Uma I)的变星种群进行了首次研究,大熊座I是斯隆数字巡天最近在银河系周围发现的一颗超暗矮卫星。结合时间序列观测的B和V波段从四个不同的望远镜,我们已经确定了七个RR天琴座星在UMa I,其中五个是基本模式(RRab)和两个是第一泛频调制(RRc)。我们的UMa I的V,B-V色星等图达到了V~23等(在信噪比~ 6时),显示了一个古老的恒星星族的典型特征。RRab星的平均脉动周期<Pab>= 0.628,σ = 0.071天(或<Pab>= 0.599,σ = 0.032天,如果忽略V4,最长的周期和最亮的变量,)和周期振幅图上的位置表明该星系的奥斯特霍夫中间分类。天琴座RR型星以&lt;V(RR)&gt; = 20.43 +/- 0.02等的平均视星等跟踪星系水平分支(6颗星的平均值,剔除V4),进而给出UMa I的距离模数为(m-M)0 = 19.94 +/- 0.13 mag,距离d= 97.3 + 6.0/-5.7 kpc,大麦云云的距离模为18.5 +/- 0.1等。Uma I红巨星和水平支星的等密度线(包括本研究中确定的天琴座RR型恒星)表明,该星系具有S形结构,这很可能是由潮汐与银河系的相互作用引起的。根据V波段光变曲线的傅立叶分解参数,我们得到了六颗Uma I RR型天琴座恒星的光度金属丰度,在Carretta等人的金属丰度标度上,平均金属丰度[Fe/H] = -2.29 dex(σ = 0.06 dex,6颗恒星的平均值)。

英文摘要:

We have performed the first study of the variable star population of Ursa Major I (UMa I), an ultra-faint dwarf satellite recently discovered around the Milky Way by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Combining time series observations in the B and V bands from four different telescopes, we have identified seven RR Lyrae stars in UMa I, of which five are fundamental-mode (RRab) and two are first-overtone pulsators (RRc). Our V, B-V color-magnitude diagram of UMa I reaches V~23 mag (at a signal-to-noise ratio of ~ 6) and shows features typical of a single old stellar population. The mean pulsation period of the RRab stars <Pab> = 0.628, σ = 0.071 days (or <Pab> = 0.599, σ = 0.032 days, if V4, the longest period and brightest variable, is discarded) and the position on the period-amplitude diagram suggest an Oosterhoff-intermediate classification for the galaxy. The RR Lyrae stars trace the galaxy horizontal branch at an average apparent magnitude of <V(RR)> = 20.43 +/- 0.02 mag (average on 6 stars and discarding V4), giving in turn a distance modulus for UMa I of (m-M)0 = 19.94 +/- 0.13 mag, distance d= 97.3 +6.0/-5.7 kpc, in the scale where the distance modulus of the Large Magellanic Cloud is 18.5 +/- 0.1 mag. Isodensity contours of UMa I red giants and horizontal branch stars (including the RR Lyrae stars identified in this study) show that the galaxy has an S-shaped structure, which is likely caused by the tidal interaction with the Milky Way. Photometric metallicities were derived for six of the UMa I RR Lyrae stars from the parameters of the Fourier decomposition of the V-band light curves, leading to an average metal abundance of [Fe/H] = -2.29 dex (σ = 0.06 dex, average on 6 stars) on the Carretta et al. metallicity scale.

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