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arXiv 1409.4474hep-phhep-exnucl-th
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关于核子自旋规范不变分解问题中的两个遗留问题

On the two remaning issues in the gauge-invariant decomposition problem of the nucleon spin

Masashi Wakamatsu

摘要:

核子中的胶子角动量是否可以分解为自旋和轨道部分而不与规范不变性原理相冲突,这个问题一直是一个长期争论的对象。尽管通过最近的深入研究取得了显著的进展,但以下两个问题仍有待于更透明地澄清。第一个问题是要解决所提出的胶子总角动量的规范不变分解与教科书上的说法之间的明显冲突,即光子的总角动量不能规范不变地分解为它的自旋和轨道部分。我们证明了这个问题也与核子自旋分解的唯一性或非唯一性问题密不可分。第二个实际上更重要的问题是,在核子自旋的两种物理上不等价的分解,即“正则”型分解和“力学”型分解中,我们可以说哪一种更物理或更接近直接观察?在本文中,我们试图尽可能清楚地回答这两个问题。

英文摘要:

The question whether the total gluon angular momentum in the nucleon can be decomposed into its spin and orbital parts without conflict with the gauge-invariance principle has been an object of long-lasting debate. Despite a remarkable progress achieved through the recent intensive researches, the following two issues still remains to be clarified more transparently. The first issue is to resolve the apparent conflict between the proposed gauge-invariant decomposition of the total gluon angular momentum and the textbook statement that the total angular momentum of the photon cannot be gauge-invariantly decomposed into its spin and orbital parts. We show that this problem is also inseparably connected with the uniqueness or non-uniqueness problem of the nucleon spin decomposition. The second practically more important issue is that, among the two physically inequivalent decompositions of the nucleon spin, i.e. the "canonical" type decomposition and the "mechanical" type decomposition, which can we say is more physical or closer to direct observation ? In the present paper, we try to answer both these questions as clearly as possible.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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