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arXiv 1012.0612hep-phhep-thnucl-th
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核子自旋的规范不变分解

Gauge-invariant decomposition of nucleon spin

Masashi Wakamatsu

摘要:

基于任意Lorentz坐标系中协变角动量张量的规范不变分解,我们研究了已知的核子自旋分解到其组分之间的关系,从而阐明了它们在哪些方面是共同的,在哪些方面又是不同的.我们认为Bashinsky和Jaffe的分解,Chen等人的分解,以及Jaffe和Manohar的结果都包含在我们的更一般的分解中,在适当的Lorentz框架中进行适当的规范固定之后,这意味着它们都是{ \it规范等价}。然而,我们指出,还有另一个规范不变的核子自旋的分解,这是更接近的Ji分解,而允许胶子的总角动量分解成它的自旋和轨道部分。后一种分解的优点是四项中的每一项都对应于一个确定的可观测量,该可观测量可以从高能深度非弹性散射测量中提取。

英文摘要:

Based on gauge-invariant decomposition of covariant angular momentum tensor of QCD in an arbitrary Lorentz frame, we investigate the relation between the known decompositions of the nucleon spin into its constituents, thereby clarifying in what respect they are common and in what respect they are different critically. We argue that the decomposition of Bashinsky and Jaffe, that of Chen et al., and that of Jaffe and Manohar are contained in our more general decomposition, after an appropriate gauge-fixing in a suitable Lorentz frame, which means that they all {\it gauge-equivalent}. We however point out that there is another gauge-invariant decomposition of the nucleon spin, which is closer to the Ji decomposition, while allowing the decomposition of the gluon total angular momentum into its spin and orbital parts. An advantage of the latter decomposition is that each of the four terms corresponds to a definite observable, which can be extracted from high-energy deep-inelastic-scattering measurements.

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