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arXiv 1408.2198astro-ph.HE
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超新星激波爆发的光谱辐射流体动力学数值计算

Numeric spectral radiation hydrodynamic calculations of supernova shock breakouts

Nir Sapir, Dorri Halbertal

摘要:

我们在这里提出了一个有效的数值方案求解非相对论性的一维辐射流体力学方程,包括非弹性康普顿散射,这是不包括在大多数代码,是至关重要的解决问题,如冲击爆发。所设计的代码被应用到稳态平面辐射介导的冲击(RMS)和RMS从恒星信封爆发的问题。计算结果与前人在激波爆发\citep{Sapir13}中假设物质与辐射之间为康普顿平衡,用“有效光子”近似描述辐射谱的结果一致。特别是,我们表明,光度和时间的依赖性,在突破时的峰值温度,和普遍的形状,在这个早期的工作中得出的光谱通量都是准确的。虽然由于有效光子近似对有效光子产生率的估计不准确,有效光子产生率随着密度的降低和速度的提高而增加,所以光谱计算和有效光子近似之间存在差异,但是对于蓝超巨星中最不一致的快速激波情况,峰值温度的差异仅达到$30\%$。恒星包层激波爆发模型的结果与观测到的X射线闪光的性质的不一致性以及X射线闪光\citep{Sapir13}的预测率与观测率之间的差异仍然无法解释。

英文摘要:

We present here an efficient numerical scheme for solving the non-relativistic 1D radiation-hydrodynamics equations including inelastic Compton scattering, which is not included in most codes and is crucial for solving problems such as shock breakout. The devised code is applied to the problems of a steady-state planar radiation mediated shock (RMS) and RMS breakout from a stellar envelope. The results are in agreement with those of a previous work on shock breakout \citep{Sapir13}, in which Compton equilibrium between matter and radiation was assumed and the "effective photon" approximation was used to describe the radiation spectrum. In particular, we show that the luminosity and its temporal dependence, the peak temperature at breakout, and the universal shape of the spectral fluence derived in this earlier work are all accurate. Although there is a discrepancy between the spectral calculations and the effective photon approximation due to the inaccuracy of the effective photon approximation estimate of the effective photon production rate, which grows with lower densities and higher velocities, the difference in peak temperature reaches only $30\%$ for the most discrepant cases of fast shocks in blue supergiants. The incompatibility of the stellar envelope shock breakout model results with observed properties of X-ray flashes and the discrepancy between the predicted and observed rates of X-ray flashes \citep{Sapir13} remain unexplained.

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