发表机构
University of Tokyo; Kyoto University（东京大学; 京都大学）
机构由 AI 辅助整理，请以论文原文为准。AI 中文总结
对爱因斯坦探针探测到的X射线瞬变源EP260321a进行激波突破建模，用半解析模型追踪超新星抛射物与致密风状星际介质相互作用，结果表明SBO观测可灵敏探测核心坍缩前剥离包层超新星前身的质量损失。
AI 中文摘要
我们展示了对最近由爱因斯坦探针任务探测到的X射线瞬变源EP260321a的激波突破（SBO）建模。我们的半解析模型基于之前的工作，通过使用包含相对论效应的薄壳近似，追踪超新星抛射物与具有轻度相对论性外层和致密风状星际介质（CSM）之间的相互作用。我们发现，X射线发射的观测特性可以通过由动能约为3.5×10⁴⁹尔格（不包括超新星抛射物）的高速包层和质量损失率为Ṁ≃1.2×10⁻³（vw/10³千米/秒）M⊙/年的致密风驱动的突破发射得到很好的解释，其中vw是风速。观测到的爆发持续时间要求致密CSM延伸至约350R⊙，对应CSM质量约为10⁻⁵M⊙。这些结果表明，SBO观测为核心坍缩前不久剥离包层超新星前身的质量损失提供了一个灵敏的探针。
英文摘要
We present shock breakout (SBO) modeling of the recently discovered X-ray transient EP260321a detected by the \textit{Einstein Probe} mission. Our semi-analytic model, based on our previous work, follows the interaction between a supernova ejecta with a mildly relativistic outer envelope and a dense, wind-like circumstellar medium (CSM) by using a thin-shell approximation that incorporates relativistic effects. We find that the observed properties of the X-ray emission are well explained by the breakout emission powered by a high-velocity envelope with a kinetic energy of $\sim3.5\times10^{49}\,\mathrm{erg}$ (excluding the supernova ejecta) and a dense wind characterized by a mass-loss rate of $\dot{M}\simeq1.2\times 10^{-3}(v_\mathrm{w}/10^3\,\mathrm{km\,s}^{-1})\,M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$, where $v_\mathrm{w}$ is the wind velocity. The observed burst duration requires the dense CSM to extend up to $\sim350\,R_\odot$, corresponding to a CSM mass of $\sim 10^{-5}\,M_\odot$. These results demonstrate that SBO observations provide a sensitive probe of mass loss from stripped-envelope supernova progenitors shortly before core collapse.
Comments14 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
