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arXiv 1407.4540astro-ph.HE
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相对论电子-离子冲击早期演化的三维PIC模拟研究

A Study of the Early-stage Evolution of Relativistic Electron-Ion Shock using 3D PIC Simulations

E. J. Choi, K. Min, K. -I. Nishikawa, C. R. Choi

摘要:

我们报告的结果进行了三维粒子在细胞(PIC)模拟研究的冲击形成时,非磁化的相对论性喷流与周围的电子-离子等离子体相互作用的早期演变。在环境坐标系中观察到与相互作用有关的全激波结构。当在射流方向上采用开放边界时,前向冲击被看作是由静电冲击与双层相结合组成的混合结构,而反向冲击被看作是双层。环境离子在前向激波中表现出两个明显的特征:一个是从前体区进入激波区的离子数,另一个是从激波区进入前体区的加速离子数。这种行为是静电冲击和双电层结合的特征。喷射电子被认为是静电捕获之间的正向和反向冲击结构,显示在相空间图中的环状分布,而周围的电子热化,并成为基本上各向同性的冲击区域。在相当短的时间尺度内,在正激波过渡层和反激波过渡层,磁能密度都增长到喷流动能密度的几个百分点。在这个时间尺度上,我们看到喷射离子的扰动很小。

英文摘要:

We report the results of a 3D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation carried out to study the early-stage evolution of the shock formed when an unmagnetized relativistic jet interacts with an ambient electron-ion plasma. Full-shock structures associated with the interaction are observed in the ambient frame. When open boundaries are employed in the direction of the jet; the forward shock is seen as a hybrid structure consisting of an electrostatic shock combined with a double layer, while the reverse shock is seen as a double layer. The ambient ions show two distinct features across the forward shock: a population penetrating into the shocked region from the precursor region and an accelerated population escaping from the shocked region into the precursor region. This behavior is a signature of a combination of an electrostatic shock and a double layer. Jet electrons are seen to be electrostatically trapped between the forward and reverse shock structures showing a ring-like distribution in a phase-space plot, while ambient electrons are thermalized and become essentially isotropic in the shocked region. The magnetic energy density grows to a few percent of the jet kinetic energy density at both the forward and the reverse shock transition layers in a rather short time scale. We see little disturbance of the jet ions over this time scale.

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