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arXiv 1012.2474astro-ph.HE
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相对论喷流中无碰撞磁化激波的动力学效率

Dynamical efficiency of collisionless magnetized shocks in relativistic jets

M. A. Aloy, P. Mimica

摘要:

所谓的内激波模型旨在解释起源于耀变体流和伽马射线暴的非热过程所产生的光变曲线和光谱。一个长期存在的问题是,在相对论性流中驱动的微弱的无碰撞冲击是否足够有效,以解释与预期的外流动能相比所观察到的能量。在这项工作中,我们研究了相对论磁化外流的内部冲击的动能转换为热能/磁能的动态效率。我们发现,具有非零相对速度的壳之间的碰撞可以产生两个相反移动的冲击(在接触面处于静止的框架中),或反向冲击和前向稀疏。对于中等磁化强度的冲击波(磁化强度σ ~ 0.1),两壳层相互作用的动力学效率可达40%。因此,中等磁化冲击的动态效率大于相应的未磁化的两壳层相互作用。我们发现,效率仅弱依赖于壳层的洛伦兹因子,因此在耀变体和伽马射线暴的磁化流的内部冲击是近似相等的效率。

英文摘要:

The so-called internal shock model aims to explain the light-curves and spectra produced by non-thermal processes originated in the flow of blazars and gamma-ray bursts. A long standing question is whether the tenuous collisionless shocks, driven inside a relativistic flow, are efficient enough to explain the amount of energy observed as compared with the expected kinetic power of the outflow. In this work we study the dynamic efficiency of conversion of kinetic-to- thermal/magnetic energy of internal shocks in relativistic magnetized outflows. We find that the collision between shells with a non-zero relative velocity can yield either two oppositely moving shocks (in the frame where the contact surface is at rest), or a reverse shock and a forward rarefaction. For moderately magnetized shocks (magnetization σ ~ 0.1), the dynamic efficiency in a single two-shell interaction can be as large as 40%. Hence, the dynamic efficiency of moderately magnetized shocks is larger than in the corresponding unmagnetized two-shell interaction. We find that the efficiency is only weakly dependent on the Lorentz factor of the shells and, thus internal shocks in the magnetized flow of blazars and gamma-ray bursts are approximately equally efficient.

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