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arXiv 1407.0895q-bio.MNq-bio.SC
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转录调控精确度的下限

The lower bound on the precision of transcriptional regulation

Joris Paijmans, Pieter Rein ten Wolde

摘要:

转录因子扩散到达DNA上的启动子位点,为细胞调节蛋白质水平的精确程度设定了下限。利用扩散影响反应的文献结果,我们推导出转录调控精度下限的解析表达式。在我们的理论中,转录因子在与启动子结合之前可以沿着DNA进行多轮的一维扩散和在细胞质中进行三维扩散。将我们的精确度下限表达式与格林函数反应动力学模拟结果进行比较,表明该理论在生物相关条件下具有高度准确性。我们的研究结果表明,一个很好的近似,启动子之间的转录因子结合和非结合状态切换在马尔可夫的方式。即使存在滑动,即沿着DNA的1D扩散,这仍然是正确的。这有两个重要的含义:(1)最小化启动子状态中的噪声等价于最小化转录因子对其启动子的搜索时间;(2)细胞质中的3D扩散和沿着DNA的1D扩散的复杂动力学可以通过重整化启动子缔合和解离速率而在充分搅拌的模型中捕获,使得可以使用Gillespie模拟有效地模拟启动子动力学。基于最近的实验观察,滑动可以加快启动子搜索的一个因素4,我们的理论预测,滑动可以提高转录调控的精度的一个因素2。

英文摘要:

The diffusive arrival of transcription factors at the promoter sites on the DNA sets a lower bound on how accurately a cell can regulate its protein levels. Using results from the literature on diffusion-influenced reactions, we derive an analytical expression for the lower bound on the precision of transcriptional regulation. In our theory, transcription factors can perform multiple rounds of 1D diffusion along the DNA and 3D diffusion in the cytoplasm before binding to the promoter. Comparing our expression for the lower bound on the precision against results from Green's Function Reaction Dynamics simulations shows that the theory is highly accurate under biologically relevant conditions. Our results demonstrate that, to an excellent approximation, the promoter switches between the transcription-factor bound and unbound state in a Markovian fashion. This remains true even in the presence of sliding, i.e. with 1D diffusion along the DNA. This has two important implications: (1) minimizing the noise in the promoter state is equivalent to minimizing the search time of transcription factors for their promoters; (2) the complicated dynamics of 3D diffusion in the cytoplasm and 1D diffusion along the DNA can be captured in a well-stirred model by renormalizing the promoter association and dissociation rates, making it possible to efficiently simulate the promoter dynamics using Gillespie simulations. Based on the recent experimental observation that sliding can speed up the promoter search by a factor of 4, our theory predicts that sliding can enhance the precision of transcriptional regulation by a factor of 2.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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