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arXiv 1406.6987hep-thgr-qchep-ph
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从规范不变性看胶子和引力子的低能行为

Low-Energy Behavior of Gluons and Gravitons from Gauge Invariance

Zvi Bern, Scott Davies, Paolo Di Vecchia, Josh Nohle

摘要:

我们证明了在树水平上,壳层上规范不变性可以用来完全确定第一次引导软胶子行为和前两次引导软引力子行为。我们证明的n-胶子和n-引力子树振幅的行为是有效的D维,类似于低的光子的第一次领导行为的普遍性的证明。与光子耦合到大质量粒子相反,在四维中胶子和引力子的软行为被环效应校正。我们从这个角度来评论这种修正是如何产生的。我们还表明,从标量环所产生的引力子振幅的环路修正只出现在第二软subleading阶。这种情况是特别透明的,因为它没有与引力子红外奇点纠缠。我们的结果表明,如果我们撇开红外奇异性的问题,软引力子沃德恒等式的扩展BMS对称性是不反常的通过第一次领导秩序。

英文摘要:

We show that at tree level, on-shell gauge invariance can be used to fully determine the first subleading soft-gluon behavior and the first two subleading soft-graviton behaviors. Our proofs of the behaviors for n-gluon and n-graviton tree amplitudes are valid in D dimensions and are similar to Low's proof of universality of the first subleading behavior of photons. In contrast to photons coupling to massive particles, in four dimensions the soft behaviors of gluons and gravitons are corrected by loop effects. We comment on how such corrections arise from this perspective. We also show that loop corrections in graviton amplitudes arising from scalar loops appear only at the second soft subleading order. This case is particularly transparent because it is not entangled with graviton infrared singularities. Our result suggests that if we set aside the issue of infrared singularities, soft-graviton Ward identities of extended BMS symmetry are not anomalous through the first subleading order.

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