Background: For nuclei heavier than $^{208}$Pb $α$ decay is a dominating decay mode, and in the search of new superheavy elements one often observes chains of $α$ decays. Purpose: Explore and test microscopic descriptions of $α$ decay based on theories with effective nuclear interactions. Methods: The nuclear ground states are calculated with the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) method using the Skyrme interaction. Microscopic $α$-decay formation amplitudes are calculated from the HFB wave functions, and the $R$-matrix formalism is utilized to obtain decay probabilities. Results: Using a large harmonic-oscillator basis we obtain converged $α$-decay widths. A comparison with experiment including all spherical even-even $α$ emitting nuclei shows that the model consistently predicts too small formation amplitudes while relative values are in good agreement with experiment. Conclusions: The method was found to be numerically practical even with a large basis size. The comparison of formation amplitudes suggests that the pairing type correlations included in the HFB approach cannot produce sufficient $α$-particle clustering.
We present recent developments obtained in the so-called N2LO extension of the usual Skyrme pseudo-potential. In particular, we discuss the isovector splitting mass in infinite nuclear matter and the pairing gaps of selected semi-magic even-even nuclei.
We combine the thermal QRPA approach with the Skyrme energy density functional theory (Skyrme-TQRPA) for modelling the process of electron capture on nuclei in supernova environment. For a sample nucleus, $^{56}$Fe, the Skyrme-TQRPA approach is applied to analyze thermal effects on the strength function of GT$_+$ transitions which dominate electron capture at $E_e\le 30$~MeV. Several Skyrme interactions are used in order to verify the sensitivity of the obtained results to the Skyrme force parameters. Finite-temperature cross sections are calculated and the results are compared with those of t…
The properties of kaonic nuclei are studied using a two-dimensional Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model with a $KN$ Skyrme force. We focus in particular on the instability of the solutions for a too strong $KN$ interaction, which determines a maximum value of the kaon binding in this approach. We then analyze the change of the deformation properties of several core-deformed nuclei caused by the added kaon, and find a shrinking of the core and in some cases a complete loss of deformation.
After a brief review of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method with Skyrme effective interactions, we show how it can be applied to the description of various nuclear systems, from finite nuclei to neutron-star crusts.
Hartree-Fock calculations with the SKX Skyrme interaction are carried out to obtain alpha-decay Q values for deformed nuclei above $^{208}$Pb assuming axial symmetry. The results for even-even nuclei are compared with experiment and with previous calculations. Predictions are made for alpha-decay Q values and half-lives of even-even super-heavy nuclei. The results are also compared for the recently discovered odd-even chain starting at Z=112 and N=165.
We present a systematic analysis of the description of odd nuclei by the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock approach augmented with pairing in BCS approximation and blocking of the odd nucleon. Current and spin densities in the Skyrme functional produce time-odd mean fields (TOMF) for odd nuclei. Their effect on basic properties (binding energies, odd-even staggering, separation energies and spectra) is investigated for the three Skyrme parameterizations SkI3, SLy6, and SV-bas. About 1300 spherical and axially-deformed odd nuclei with 16 < Z < 92 are considered. The calculations demonstrate that the TOMF eff…
A shortlist of Skyrme force parameterizations, recently found to have passed a series of constraints relating to nuclear matter properties is analyzed for their ability to reproduce data in finite nuclei. We analyse binding energies, isotope shifts and fission barriers. We find that the subset of forces have no common ability to reproduce (or otherwise) properties of finite nuclei, despite passing the extensive range of nuclear matter constraints.
The giant dipole resonance (GDR) in deformed nuclei is analyzed using the self-consistent separable random-phase-approximation (SRPA) with Skyrme forces SkT6, SkM$^*$, SLy6 and SkI3. The deformed nuclei $^{150}$Nd and $^{238}$U are used as representative rare-earth and actinide samples. Dependencies of the dipole strength distributions on some basic characteristics of the Skyrme functional and nuclear matter properties (isoscalar and isovector effective masses, time-odd contributions) are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the fragmentation structure of the GDR strength which are shown…
I use properties of doubly-magic nuclei to constrain nuclear matter and neutron matter equations of state. I conclude that the data determined the value of the neutron equation of state and the symmetry energy near a density of $ρ_{on}$ = 0.10 nucleons/fm$^{3}$. The slope at that point is constrained by the value of the neutron skin.
We use properties of doubly-magic nuclei and ab-initio calculations of low-density neutron matter to constrain Skyrme equations of state for neutron-rich conditions. All of these properties are consistent with a Skyrme functional form and a neutron-matter equation of state that depends on three parameters. With a reasonable range for the neutron-matter effective mass, the values of the two other Skyrme parameters are well constrained. This leads to predictions for other quantities. The neutron skins for $^{208}$Pb and $^{48}$Ca are predicted to be 0.182(10) fm and 0.173(5) fm, respectively. Ot…
We study the effect of time-odd components of the Skyrme energy density functionals on the ground state of finite nuclei and in nuclear matter. The spin-density dependent terms, which have been recently proposed as an extension of the standard Skyrme interaction, are shown to change the total binding energy of odd-nuclei by only few tenths of keV, while the time-odd components of standard Skyrme interactions give an effect that is larger by one order of magnitude. The HFB-17 mass formula based on a Skyrme parametrization is adjusted including the new spin-density dependent terms. A comprehensi…
In these proceedings, we report first results for particle-number and angular-momentum projection of self-consistently blocked triaxial one-quasiparticle HFB states for the description of odd-A nuclei in the context of regularized multi-reference energy density functionals, using the entire model space of occupied single-particle states. The SIII parameterization of the Skyrme energy functional and a volume-type pairing interaction are used.
We describe a new implementation of the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) in axially-symmetric deformed nuclei with Skyrme and volume-pairing energy-density functionals. After using a variety of tests to demonstrate the accuracy of the code in ^{24,26}Mg and ^{16}O, we report the first fully self-consistent application of the Skyrme QRPA to a heavy deformed nucleus, calculating strength distributions for several K^pi in ^{172}Yb. We present energy-weighted sums, properties of gamma-vibrational and low-energy K^pi=0^+ states, and the complete isovector E1 strength function. The QR…
We use the finite amplitude method for computing charge-changing Skyrme-QRPA transition strengths in axially-deformed nuclei together with a modern Skyrme energy-density functional to fit several previously unconstrained parameters in the charge-changing time-odd part of the functional. With the modified functional we then calculate rates of beta-minus decay for all medium-mass and heavy even-even nuclei between the valley of stability and the neutron drip line. We fit the Skyrme parameters to a limited set of beta-decay rates, a set of Gamow-Teller resonance energies, and a set of spin-dipole…
We formulate the self-consistent separable random-phase-approximation (SRPA) method and specify it for Skyrme forces with pairing for the case of axially symmetric deformed nuclei. The factorization of the residual interaction allows to avoid diagonalization of high-rank RPA matrices, which dramatically reduces the computational expense. This advantage is crucial for the systems with a huge configuration space, first of all for deformed nuclei. SRPA takes self-consistently into account the contributions of both time-even and time-odd Skyrme terms as well as of the Coulomb force and pairing. Th…
We perform a systematic study of the impact of the J^2 tensor term in the Skyrme energy functional on properties of spherical nuclei. In the Skyrme energy functional, the tensor terms originate both from zero-range central and tensor forces. We build a set of 36 parameterizations, which covers a wide range of the parameter space of the isoscalar and isovector tensor term coupling constants, with a fit protocol very similar to that of the successful SLy parameterizations. We analyze the impact of the tensor terms on a large variety of observables in spherical mean-field calculations, such as th…
By performing fully 3D symmetry-unrestricted Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations, we discuss shape coexistence and possibility of exotic deformations simultaneously breaking the reflection and axial symmetries in proton-rich N=Z nuclei: 64Ge, 68Se, 72Kr, 76Sr, 80Zr and 84Mo. Results of calculation indicate that the oblate ground state of 68Se is extremely soft against the Y33 triangular deformation, and that the low-lying spherical minimum coexisting with the prolate ground state in 80Zr may be unstable against the Y32 tetrahedral deformation.
We reanalyze the results of our extensive Hartree-Fock + BCS calculation from new points of view paying attention to the properties of unstable nuclei. The calculation has been done with the Skyrme SIII force for the ground and shape isomeric states of 1029 even-even nuclei ranging 2 <= Z <= 114. We also discuss the advantages of the employed three-dimensional Cartesian-mesh representation, especially on its remarkably high precision with apparently coarse meshes when applied to atomic nuclei. In Appendices we give the coefficients of finite-point numerical differentiation and integration form…
The magnetic dipole (M1) and the Gamow-Teller (GT) excitations of finite nuclei have been studied in a fully self-consistent Hartree-Fock (HF) plus random phase approximation (RPA) approach by using a Skyrme energy density functional with spin and spin-isospin densities. To this end, we adopt the extended SLy5st interaction which includes spin-density dependent terms and stabilize nuclear matter with respect to spin instabilities. The effect of the spin-density dependent terms is examined in both the mean field and the spin-flip excited state calculations. The numerical results show that those…
We use properties of doubly-magic nuclei, ab-initio calculations of low-density neutron matter, and of neutron stars to constrain the parameters of the Skyrme energy-density functional. We find all of these properties can be reproduced within a constrained family of Skyrme parameters. The maximum mass of a neutron star is found to be sensitive to the neutron effective mass. A value of [$ m^{*}_{\rm n}/m](ρ_0) = 0.60-0.65 $ is required to obtain a maximum neutron star mass of 2.1 solar masses. Using the constrained Skyrme functional with the aforementioned effective mass, the predicted radius f…
We use the finite amplitude method (FAM), an efficient implementation of the quasiparticle random phase approximation, to compute beta-decay rates with Skyrme energy-density functionals for 3983 nuclei, essentially all the medium-mass and heavy isotopes on the neutron rich side of stability. We employ an extension of the FAM that treats odd-mass and odd-odd nuclear ground states in the equal filling approximation. Our rates are in reasonable agreement both with experimental data where available and with rates from other global calculations.
Within the framework of Skyrme energy-density functional theory, the nucleus-nucleus potential is calculated and potential energy surface is obtained with different effective forces for accurately estimating the formation cross sections of superheavy nuclei in massive fusion reactions. The width and height of the potential pocket are influenced by the Skyrme effective forces SkM, SkM$^{\ast}$, SkP, SIII, Ska and SLy4, which correspond to the different equation of state for the isospin symmetry nuclear matter. It is found that the nucleus-nucleus potential is associated with the collision orien…
Proton radioactivity is an important and common process of the natural radioactivity of proton-rich nuclei. In our previous work [J. H. Cheng et al., Nucl. Rhys. A 997, 121717 (2020)], we systematically studied the proton radioactivity half-lives of 53< Z <83 nuclei within the two-potential approach with Skyrme-Hartree-Fock. The calculations can well reproduce the experimental data of spherical nuclei. The present work is an extension of the previous work. We systematically study 32 proton radioactivity half-lives of spherical nuclei with the two-potential approach with Skyrme-Hartree-Fock (TP…
Using the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) self-consistent mean-field theory with the SkM* Skyrme energy-density functional, we study nuclear structure properties of even-even superheavy nuclei (SHN) of $Z=120$ isotopes and $N=184$ isotones. The shape of the nucleus along the lowest energy curve as a function of the quadrupole moment $Q_{20}$ makes a sudden transition from the oblate spheroids (biconcave discs) to the toroidal shapes, in the region of large oblate quadrupole moments.
We develop a new framework of the deformed quasiparticle-random-phase approximation (QRPA) where the Skyrme density functional and the density-dependent pairing functional are consistently treated. Numerical applications are carried out for the isovector dipole and the isoscalar quadrupole modes in the spherical $^{20}$O and in the deformed $^{26}$Ne nuclei, and the effect of the momentum dependent terms of the Skyrme effective interaction for the energy-weighted sum rule is discussed. As a further application, we present for the first time the moments of inertia of $^{34}$Mg and $^{36}$Mg usi…
We present a large scale survey of life-times for spontaneous fission in the regime of super-heavy elements (SHE), i.e. nuclei with Z=104-122. This is done on the basis of the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock model. The axially symmetric fission path is computed using a quadrupole constraint. Self-consistent cranking is used for the collective masses and associated quantum corrections. The actual tunneling probability is estimated by the WKB approximation. Three typical Skyrme forces are used to explore the sensitivity of the results. Benchmarks in the regime Z=104-108 show an acceptable agreement. The gen…
We present the evolution of the shell structure of nuclei in Hartree-Fock calculations using Skyrme's density-dependent effective nucleon-nucleon interaction. The role of the tensor part of the Skyrme interaction to the Hartree-Fock spin-orbit splitting in spherical spin unsaturated nuclei is reanalyzed. The contribution of a finite range tensor force to the spin-orbit splitting in closed shell nuclei is calculated. It is found that the exact matrix elements of a Gaussian and of a one-pion exchange tensor potential could be written as a product Skyrme's short range expression times a suppressi…
We develop a new formulation of the continuum quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA) in which the residual interaction is derived directly from the Skyrme energy functional, keeping all the velocity dependent terms of the Skyrme effective interaction. Numerical analysis using the SkM$^*$ parameter set is performed for the isovector dipole and the isovector/isoscalar quadrupole responses in $^{20}$O and $^{54}$Ca. It is shown that the energy-weighted sum rule including the enhancement factors for the isovector responses is satisfied with good accuracy. We investigate also how the veloc…
Although nuclear energy density functionals are determined primarily by fitting to ground state properties, they are often applied in nuclear astrophysics to excited states, usually through the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA). Here we test the Skyrme functionals SkM* and SLy4 along with the self-consistent QRPA by calculating properties of low-lying vibrational states in a large number of well-deformed even-even rare-earth nuclei. We reproduce trends in energies and transition probabilities associated with gamma-vibrational states, but our results are not perfect and indicate t…
The self-consistent separable RPA (random phase approximation) method is formulated for Skyrme forces with pairing. The method is based on a general self-consistent procedure for factorization of the two-body interaction. It is relevant for various density- and current-dependent functionals. The contributions of the time-even and time-odd Skyrme terms as well as of the Coulomb and pairing terms to the residual interaction are taken self-consistently into account. Most of the expression have a transparent analytical form, which makes the method convenient for the treatment and analysis. The sep…
After identifying the nuclei in the regions near A =80 and A = 160 for which beta-decay rates have the greatest effect on weak and main r-process abundance patterns, we apply the finite-amplitude method (FAM) with Skyrme energy-density functionals (EDFs) to calculate beta-decay half-lives of those nuclei in the quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA). We use the equal filling approximation to extend our implementation of the charge-changing FAM, which incorporates pairing correlations and allows axially symmetric deformation, to odd-A and odd-odd nuclei. Within this framework we find d…
We introduce a local-scaling point transformation to allow for modifying the asymptotic properties of the deformed three-dimensional Cartesian harmonic oscillator wave functions. The resulting single-particle bases are very well suited for solving the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equations for deformed drip-line nuclei. We then present results of self-consistent calculations performed for the Mg isotopes and for light nuclei located near the two-neutron drip line. The results suggest that for all even-even elements with $Z$=10--18 the most weakly-bound nucleus has an oblate ground-state shape.
We calculate properties of the ground and excited states of nuclei in the nobelium region for proton and neutron numbers of 92 <= Z <= 104 and 144 <= N <= 156, respectively. We use three different energy-density-functional (EDF) approaches, based on covariant, Skyrme, and Gogny functionals, each within two different parameter sets. A comparative analysis of the results obtained for odd-even mass staggerings, quasiparticle spectra, and moments of inertia allows us to identify single-particle and shell effects that are characteristic to these different models and to illustrate possible systemati…
Structures of $p$- and $sd$-shell nuclei are studied with the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics method using the Gogny D1S and Skyrme SLy7 forces as effective interactions. By the energy variation with a constraint, energy curves as functions of quadrupole deformation parameter $β$ are obtained. The energy curves for $sd$-shell nuclei show structure change as a function of $β$, and suggest shape coexistence. Nuclear structures in the deformed region are discussed focusing on deformations and clustering. It is found that the deformations often involve cluster structures. Effecti…
Within the self-consistent constraint Skyrme-Hartree-Fock+BCS model (SHF+BCS), we found equilibrium toroidal nuclear density distributions in the region of super-heavy elements. For nuclei with a sufficient oblate deformation ($Q_{20}\leq$ -200 b), it becomes energetically favourable to change the genus of nuclear surface from 0 to 1, i.e., to switch the shape from a biconcave disc to a torus. The energy of the toroidal (genus=1) SHF+BCS solution relative to the compact (genus=0) ground state energy is strongly dependent both on the atomic number Z and the mass number A. We discuss the region …
With the use of the symmetry-unrestricted cranked Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method in the three-dimensional coordinate-mesh representation, we have carried out a systematic theoretical search for the superdeformed and hyperdeformed rotational bands in the mass A=30-50 region. Along the N=Z line, we have found superdeformed solutions in 32S, 36Ar, 40Ca, 44Ti, and hyperdeformed solutions in 36Ar, 40Ca, 44Ti, 48Cr. The superdeformed band in 40Ca is found to be extremely soft against both the axially symmteric (Y30) and asymmetric (Y31) octupole deformations. An interesting role of symmetry breaking in …
Two applications of mean-field calculations based on 3D coordinate-space techniques are presented. The first concerns the structure of odd-N superheavy elements that have been recently observed experimentally and shows the ability of the method to describe, in a self-consistent way, very heavy odd-mass nuclei. Our results are consistent with the experimental data. The second application concerns the introduction of correlations beyond a mean-field approach by means of projection techniques and configuration mixing. Results for Mg isotopes demonstrate that the restoration of rotational symmetry…
We study systematically the impact of the time-even tensor terms of the Skyrme energy density functional, i.e. terms bilinear in the spin-current tensor density, on deformation properties of closed shell nuclei corresponding to 20, 28, 40, 50, 82, and 126 neutron or proton shell closures. We compare results obtained with three different families of Skyrme parameterizations whose tensor terms have been adjusted on properties of spherical nuclei: (i) TIJ interactions proposed in the first paper of this series [T. Lesinski et al., Phys. Rev. C 76, 014312 (2007)] which were constructed through a c…
Self-consistent mean field calculations with the SLy4 interaction and a density-dependent pairing force are presented for nuclei in the Nobelium mass region. Predicted quasi-particle spectra are compared with experiment for the heaviest known odd N and odd Z nuclei. Spectra and rotational bands are presented for nuclei around No252,4 for which experiments are either planned or already running.
The effective Skyrme energy density functionals are widely used in the study of nuclear structure, nuclear reaction and neutron star, but they are less established from the heavy ion collision data. In this work, we find 22 effective Skyrme parameter sets, when incorporated in use the transport model, ImQMD, to describe the heavy ion collision data, such as isospin diffusion data at 35 MeV/u and 50 MeV/u. We use these sets to calculate the neutron skin of $^{208}$Pb based on the restricted density variation method, and obtain the neutron skin of $^{208}$Pb in the range of $δR_{np}=0.18\pm0.04$…
The isoscalar giant monopole resonances (ISGMR) and giant dipole resonances (ISGDR) in medium-heavy nuclei are investigated in the framework of HF+RPA and HF-BCS+QRPA with Skyrme effective interactions. It is found that pairing has little effect on these modes. It is also found that the coupling of the RPA states to 2p-2h configurations results in about (or less than) 1 MeV shifts of the resonance energies and at the same time gives the correct total widths. For the ISGMR, comparison with recent data leads to a value of nuclear matter compression modulus close to 215 MeV. However, a discrepanc…
We investigate the isoscalar and isovector E1 response of neutron-rich nuclei, within a semi-classical transport model employing effective interactions for the nuclear mean-field. In particular, we adopt the recently introduced SAMi-J Skyrme interactions, whose parameters are specifically tuned to improve the description of spin-isospin properties of nuclei. Our analysis evidences a relevant degree of isoscalar/isovector mixing of the collective excitations developing in neutron-rich systems. Focusing on the low-lying strength emerging in the isovector response, we show that this energy region…
In the light of recent experimental developments, increasing attention is devoted to nuclear phenomena related to rotational excitations of exotic intrinsic nuclear configurations that often lack symmetries present in the majority of nuclei. Examples include configurations with a non-vanishing octupole moment. In order to describe this kind of states, we have developed a new computer code to solve the self-consistent mean-field equations, able to use most of today's effective Skyrme interactions and working in coordinate-space. We report on the development of MOCCa, a code based on the same pr…
The giant halos predicted in neutron-rich Zr isotopes with $A=124-138$ are investigated by using the self-consistent continuum Skyrme Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approach, in which the asymptotic behavior of continuum quasiparticle states is properly treated by the Green's function method. We study in detail the neutron pair correlation involved in the giant halo by analyzing the asymptotic exponential tail of the neutron pair condensate (pair density) in addition to that of the neutron particle density. The neutron quasiparticle spectra associated with these giant halo nuclei are examined. It is …
We parameterize the recently proposed generalized Skyrme effective force (GSEF) containing extended density dependence. The parameters of the GSEF are determined by the fit to several properties of the normal and isospin-rich nuclei. We also include in our fit a realistic equation of state for the pure neutron matter up to high densities so that the resulting Skyrme parameters can be suitably used to model the neutron star with the "canonical" mass ($\sim 1.4 M_\odot$). For the appropriate comparison we generate a parameter set for the standard Skyrme effective force (SSEF) using exactly the s…
The E1(T=1) isovector dipole giant resonance (GDR) in heavy and super-heavy deformed nuclei is analyzed over a sample of 18 rare-earth nuclei, 4 actinides and three chains of super-heavy elements (Z=102, 114 and 120). Basis of the description is self-consistent separable RPA (SRPA) using the Skyrme force SLy6. The self-consistent model well reproduces the experimental data (energies and widths) in the rare-earth and actinide region. The trend of the resonance peak energies follows the estimates from collective models, showing a bias to the volume mode for the rare-earths isotopes and a mix of …
The nuclear time-dependent Hartree-Fock model formulated in the three-dimensional space,based on the full Skyrme energy density functional and complemented with the tensor force,is presented for the first time. Full self-consistency is achieved by the model. The application to the isovector giant dipole resonance is discussed in the linear limit, ranging from spherical nuclei (16O, 120Sn) to systems displaying axial or triaxial deformation (24Mg, 28Si, 178Os, 190W, 238U). Particular attention is paid to the spin-dependent terms from the central sector of the functional, recently included toget…
A self-consistent calculation with variation after parity projection is proposed to study both ground and excited states of light nuclei. This procedure provides description of the ground state incorporating some correlation effects, and self-consistent solutions for the excited states of negative parity. For flexible description of nuclear shapes, single particle orbitals are represented on a uniform grid in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates. The angular momentum projection is performed after variation to calculate rotational spectra. To demonstrate the usefulness of the method, res…
Fission-related phenomena of heavy $Λ$ hypernuclei are discussed with the constraint Skyrme-Hartree-Fock+BCS (SHF+BCS) method, in which a similar Skyrme-type interaction is employed also for the interaction between a $Λ$ particle and a nucleon. Assuming that the $Λ$ particle adiabatically follows the fission motion, we discuss the fission barrier height of $^{239}_Λ$U. We find that the fission barrier height increases slightly when the $Λ$ particle occupies the lowest level. In this case, the $Λ$ particle is always attached to the heavier fission fragment. This indicates that one may produce h…
The lowest quadrupole $γ$-vibrational $K^π=2^+$ states in axially deformed rare-earth (Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy, Er, Yb, Hf, W) and actinide (U) nuclei are systematically investigated within the separable random-phase-approximation (SRPA) based on the Skyrme functional. The energies $E_γ$ and reduced transition probabilities $B(E2)$ of $2^+_γ$-states are calculated with the Skyrme forces SV-bas and SkM$^*$. The energies of two-quasiparticle configurations forming the SRPA basis are corrected by using the pairing blocking effect. This results in a systematic downshift of $E_γ$ by 0.3-0.5 MeV and thus in …
We discuss major differences between electric and magnetic excitations in nuclei appearing in self-consistent calculation based on Skyrme energy-density functionals. Tools of analysis are Landau-Migdal parameters for bulk properties and RPA for resonance modes of $^{208}$Pb as representative of finite nuclei. We show that the relation between the effective mass and the effective particle-hole interaction, well known in the Landau-Migdal theory, explains the success of self-consistent calculations of electric transitions in such approaches. This effect, however, does not automatically exist in …
To study the exotic odd nuclear systems, the self-consistent continuum Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory formulated with Green's function technique is extended to include blocking effects with the equal filling approximation. Detailed formula are presented.To perform the integrals of the Green's function properly, the contour paths $C_{\rm b}^{-}$ and $C_{\rm b}^{+}$ introduced for the blocking effects should include the blocked quasi-particle state but can not intrude into the continuum area. By comparing with the box-discretized calculations, the great advantages of the Green's function …
Self-consistent mean-field models are a powerful tool in the investigation of nuclear structure and low-energy dynamics. They are based on effective energy-density functionals, often formulated in terms of effective density-dependent nucleon-nucleon interactions. The free parameters of the functional are adjusted to empirical data. A proper choice of these parameters requires a comprehensive set of constraints covering experimental data on finite nuclei, concerning static as well as dynamical properties, empirical characteristics of nuclear matter, and observational information on nucleosynthe…
We have performed a systematic study of the ground state for even-even 1,002 nuclei in which 28 octupole-deformed nuclei are found. The interplay between the spatial deformation and the pairing correlation, plays important roles in nuclear structure. Our model is based on the Skyrme Hartree-Fock plus BCS model represented in the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate space which can describe any kind of nuclear shape. The quadrupole and octupole deformed nuclei appear in the mass region with characteristic neutron and proton numbers which are consistent with previous studies. In our results, t…
Based on the semi-classical extended Thomas-Fermi approach, we study the mass dependence of the symmetry energy coefficients of finite nuclei for 36 different Skyrme forces. The reference densities of both light and heavy nuclei are obtained. Eight models based on nuclear liquid drop concept and the Skyrme force SkM* suggest the symmetry energy coefficient $a_{\rm sym}=22.90 \pm 0.15 $ MeV at $A=260$, and the corresponding reference density is $ρ_A\simeq 0.1$ fm$^{-3}$ at this mass region. The standard Skyrme energy density functionals give negative values for the coefficient of the $I^4$ term…
