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arXiv 1401.7147astro-ph.HE
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XMM-牛顿揭示了“壮丽七”中子星RX J1605 .3+3249自旋的候选周期

XMM-Newton reveals a candidate period for the spin of the "Magnificent Seven" neutron star RX J1605.3+3249

Adriana M. Pires, Frank Haberl, Vyacheslav E. Zavlin, Christian Motch, Silvia Zane, Markus M. Hohle

摘要:

被称为“壮丽七星”(M7)的热发射孤立中子星(INS)群在各种中子星群中是独一无二的。通过磁场衰减和与磁星的进化联系产生的地壳加热可以解释为什么这些天体比类似年龄的标准磁星旋转得更慢,并且具有更高的热光度和磁场强度。第三明亮的INS,RX J1605.3+3249,是七个仍然缺乏检测到的周期性的对象中的唯一对象。为了揭示中子星的自转速率和详细研究中子星的光谱,我们利用XMM-牛顿天文台对该源进行了60 ks的观测。P=3.387864(16)s的周期信号,最有可能是中子星的自旋周期,在4-sigma置信水平下被检测到。新数据与过去XMM-牛顿EPIC-pn观测源的相干组合将脉冲星自旋下降速率限制在2-sigma置信水平,这意味着偶极磁场为B~7.4e13 G。如果得到证实,RX J1605.3+3249将是M7中偶极场最高的中子星。源的光谱显示了冷黑体成分的证据,以及两个广泛的吸收功能的存在。此外,高分辨率光谱与RGS相机确认存在一个狭窄的吸收功能,在能量为0.57千电子伏的共同添加的频谱的来源,也看到在其他热发射孤立的中子星。相位分辨光谱学以及旨在确定时间解决方案的专门观测活动将对中子星的几何形状提供宝贵的约束,并将允许人们确认自旋下降的高值,这将使源比任何其他M7 INS更接近磁星。

英文摘要:

The group of thermally emitting isolated neutron stars (INSs) known as the "Magnificent Seven" (M7) is unique among the various neutron star populations. Crustal heating by means of magnetic field decay and an evolutionary link with magnetars may explain why these objects rotate more slowly and have higher thermal luminosities and magnetic field intensities than standard pulsars of similar age. The third brightest INS, RX J1605.3+3249, is the only object amidst the seven still lacking a detected periodicity. We observed the source with the XMM-Newton Observatory for 60 ks aiming at unveiling the neutron star rotation rate and investigating its spectrum in detail. A periodic signal at P=3.387864(16) s, most likely the neutron star spin period, is detected at the 4-sigma confidence level. The coherent combination of the new data with a past XMM-Newton EPIC-pn observation of the source constrains the pulsar spin-down rate at the 2-sigma confidence level, implying a dipolar magnetic field of B~7.4e13 G. If confirmed, RX J1605.3+3249 would be the neutron star with the highest dipolar field amongst the M7. The spectrum of the source shows evidence of a cool blackbody component, as well as for the presence of two broad absorption features. Furthermore, high-resolution spectroscopy with the RGS cameras confirms the presence of a narrow absorption feature at energy 0.57 keV in the co-added spectrum of the source, also seen in other thermally emitting isolated neutron stars. Phase-resolved spectroscopy, as well as a dedicated observing campaign aimed at determining a timing solution, will give invaluable constraints on the neutron star geometry and will allow one to confirm the high value of spin down, which would place the source closer to a magnetar than any other M7 INS.

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