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arXiv 1310.7705astro-ph.HE
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用XMM-牛顿发现超新星遗迹Kesteven 79附近的瞬变磁星3XMM J185246 .6+003317

Discovery of the transient magnetar 3XMM J185246.6+003317 near supernova remnant Kesteven 79 with XMM-Newton

Ping Zhou, Yang Chen, Xiang-Dong Li, Samar Safi-Harb, Mariano Mendez, Yukikatsu Terada, Wei Sun, Ming-Yu Ge

摘要:

我们报告了XMM-牛顿的偶然发现,3XMM J185246.6+003317是一个11.56秒的X射线脉冲星,距离超新星遗迹Kes 79的南边界1'。3XMM J 185246.6 +003317的自旋下降速率为$<1.1\times 10^{-13}$ s s $^{-1}$,它与长周期P=11.558714(2)s一起表明,其偶极表面磁场为$<3.6\times 10^{-13}$ G,$>1.7$ Myr的特征年龄和自旋下降光度为$<2.8\times 10^{30}$ erg s $^{-1}$。源的X射线光谱与共振康普顿散射模型最佳拟合,并且也可以由黑体模型充分描述。从2008年到2009年的7个月观测显示了源的光谱特性的变化,亮度从$2.7\times 10^{34}$ erg s $^{-1}$降低到$4.6 \times 10^{33}$ erg s $^{-1}$,黑体温度从$kT\approx 0.8$ keV降低到$\approx0.6$ keV。该源的X射线光度高于其自旋下降的光度,排除了旋转作为动力源的可能性。结合时间和光谱特性,没有检测到任何光学或红外对应物,加上在2008年XMM-牛顿观测之前的档案X射线数据中没有检测到该源,表明该源是一个新发现的瞬态低B磁星,在XMM-牛顿观测期间经历了爆发衰变。钱德拉在2001年未探测到这颗恒星,将静态光度的上限$4\times 10^{32}$ erg s $^{-1}$设定为3XMM J185246.6+003317。它的周期是目前已知的瞬变磁星中最长的。3XMM J185246.6+003317的前景吸收与Kes 79相似,表明$\sim$ 7.1 kpc的距离相似。

英文摘要:

We report the serendipitous discovery with XMM-Newton that 3XMM J185246.6+003317 is an 11.56 s X-ray pulsar located 1' away from the southern boundary of supernova remnant Kes 79. The spin-down rate of 3XMM J185246.6+003317 is $<1.1\times 10^{-13}$ s s$^{-1}$, which, together with the long period P=11.558714(2) s, indicates a dipolar surface magnetic field of $<3.6\times 10^{-13}$ G, a characteristic age of $>1.7$ Myr, and a spin-down luminosity of $<2.8\times 10^{30}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The X-ray spectrum of the source is best-fitted with a resonant Compton scattering model, and can be also adequately described by a blackbody model. The observations covering a seven month span from 2008 to 2009 show variations in the spectral properties of the source, with the luminosity decreasing from $2.7\times 10^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$ to $4.6 \times 10^{33}$ erg s$^{-1}$, along with a decrease of the blackbody temperature from $kT\approx 0.8$ keV to $\approx0.6$ keV. The X-ray luminosity of the source is higher than its spin-down luminosity, ruling out rotation as a power source. The combined timing and spectral properties, the non-detection of any optical or infrared counterpart, together with the lack of detection of the source in archival X-ray data prior to the 2008 XMM-Newton observation, point to this source being a newly discovered transient low-B magnetar undergoing an outburst decay during the XMM-Newton observations. The non-detection by Chandra in 2001 sets an upper limit $4\times 10^{32}$ erg s$^{-1}$ to the quiescent luminosity of 3XMM J185246.6+003317. Its period is the longest among currently known transient magnetars. The foreground absorption toward 3XMM J185246.6+003317 is similar to that of Kes 79, suggesting a similar distance of $\sim$7.1 kpc.

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