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arXiv 1401.5489astro-ph.CO
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用暗物质模拟模拟恒星晕的系统问题

Systematic Problems With Using Dark Matter Simulations to Model Stellar Halos

Jeremy Bailin, Eric F. Bell, Monica Valluri, Greg S. Stinson, Victor P. Debattista, H. M. P. Couchman, James Wadsley

摘要:

现有计算能力的限制迫使恒星晕结构的模型采用以下一种或两种简化假设:(1)恒星质量可以“画”到祖先卫星中的暗物质粒子上;(2)可以使用不形成发光星系的纯暗物质模拟。我们估计这些假设引入的系统误差的大小,使用一组受控的恒星晕模型,我们独立地改变我们是否看恒星粒子或着色暗物质粒子,以及我们是否使用重子盘星系形成的模拟或匹配的纯暗物质模拟,不形成重子盘。我们发现,“绘画”的简化减少了晕的浓度和内部结构,主要是因为画暗物质粒子有不同的运动学比恒星粒子,即使两者都深埋在卫星的势阱。使用纯暗物质模拟的简化进一步降低了浓度,但增加了内部结构,并导致更长的恒星晕。这些差异可以是浓度的1.5-7倍(如通过半质量半径测量的)和内部密度结构的2-7倍。考虑到这种程度的系统不确定性,人们应该警惕过度解释观测结果与当前一代基于暗物质模拟的恒星晕模型之间的差异,当这种差异小于一个数量级时。

英文摘要:

The limits of available computing power have forced models for the structure of stellar halos to adopt one or both of the following simplifying assumptions: (1) stellar mass can be "painted" onto dark matter particles in progenitor satellites; (2) pure dark matter simulations that do not form a luminous galaxy can be used. We estimate the magnitude of the systematic errors introduced by these assumptions using a controlled set of stellar halo models where we independently vary whether we look at star particles or painted dark matter particles, and whether we use a simulation in which a baryonic disk galaxy forms or a matching pure dark matter simulation that does not form a baryonic disk. We find that the "painting" simplification reduces the halo concentration and internal structure, predominantly because painted dark matter particles have different kinematics than star particles even when both are buried deep in the potential well of the satellite. The simplification of using pure dark matter simulations reduces the concentration further, but increases the internal structure, and results in a more prolate stellar halo. These differences can be a factor of 1.5-7 in concentration (as measured by the half-mass radius) and 2-7 in internal density structure. Given this level of systematic uncertainty, one should be wary of overinterpreting differences between observations and the current generation of stellar halo models based on dark matter only simulations when such differences are less than an order of magnitude.

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