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arXiv 1001.3067astro-ph.CO
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星系恒星晕的直接探测:作为测试案例的NGC 3957

Direct detection of galaxy stellar halos : NGC 3957 as a test case

P. Jablonka, M. Tafelmeyer, F. Courbin, A. M. N Ferguson

摘要:

我们提出了一个直接检测的S 0星系NGC 3957的边缘上的恒星晕,使用超深VLT/VIMOS V和R图像。这是通过基于红外技术的天空相减策略来实现的。这些观测使我们能够达到前所未有的高信噪比高达15千秒差距远离星系中心,使光子噪声可以忽略不计。1西格玛的检测限为R = 30.6 mag/arcsec^2,V = 31.4 mag/arcsec^2。我们进行了彻底的分析可能影响数据的系统误差的可能来源:平场,CCD响应的差异,天空背景的缩放,扩展光晕本身,和PSF机翼。我们得出的结论是,V-R色的NGC 3957晕,计算5和8千秒差距以上的盘平面的系统误差是适度的,是一致的老的,优先贫金属的正常恒星星族,就像在附近的星系晕,从他们的解决恒星内容的研究揭示。我们没有发现支持的极端红色的颜色在早期的研究中发现的扩散晕发射,我们认为这可能是由于残留的系统误差。

英文摘要:

We present a direct detection of the stellar halo of the edge-on S0 galaxy NGC 3957, using ultra-deep VLT/VIMOS V and R images. This is achieved with a sky subtraction strategy based on infrared techniques. These observations allow us to reach unprecedented high signal-to-noise ratios up to 15 kpc away from the galaxy center, rendering photon-noise negligible. The 1 sigma detection limits are R = 30.6 mag/arcsec^2 and V = 31.4 mag/arcsec^2. We conduct a thorough analysis of the possible sources of systematic errors that could affect the data: flat-fielding, differences in CCD responses, scaling of the sky background, the extended halo itself, and PSF wings. We conclude that the V-R colour of the NGC 3957 halo, calculated between 5 and 8 kpc above the disc plane where the systematic errors are modest, is consistent with an old and preferentially metal-poor normal stellar population, like that revealed in nearby galaxy halos from studies of their resolved stellar content. We do not find support for the extremely red colours found in earlier studies of diffuse halo emission, which we suggest might have been due to residual systematic errors.

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